Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40836947›Full record

ArticleContemporary clinical trials communications2025

Evaluating the impact of the 'Blow, Breathe, Cough' health promotion intervention in resolving otitis media with effusion in children: An adaptive randomized-controlled trial protocol.

Jaimee R Rich, Michael Dymock, Elke J Seppanen, Elena Montgomery, Tanisha Cayley, Tamara Veselinović, Greta Bernabei, Anri Lester, Amy Hannigan, Nicole Irvine and 18 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Contemporary clinical trials communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

28 authors.

Jaimee R RichWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Michael DymockWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Elke J SeppanenWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Elena MontgomerySociology Department, Global Health Program, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States of America.
Tanisha CayleyWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Tamara VeselinovićWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Greta BernabeiWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Anri LesterWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Amy HanniganPerth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Nicole IrvinePerth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Kerryn GidgupWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Edna NinyetteWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Steph BrayWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Tu Trang TranPerth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Valerie M SwiftWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Melinda EdmundsWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Natalie StrobelKurongkurl Katitjin, Edith Cowan University, Mount Lawley, Western Australia, Australia.
Daniel McAullayKurongkurl Katitjin, Edith Cowan University, Mount Lawley, Western Australia, Australia.
Julie MarshWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Evelyn TayWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Lea-Ann S KirkhamWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Ruth B ThorntonWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Robyn S M ChoiWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Lydia TimmsWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Emily JacksonSchool of Allied Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.
Jafri KuthubutheenWestern Australia Country Health Service, Western Australia, Australia.
Peter C RichmondWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Christopher G Brennan-JonesWesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Otitis media with effusion (OME) affects hearing, speech development, and quality of life (QoL) in children. The 'Blow, Breathe, Cough' (BBC) intervention promotes nasal, respiratory, and middle ear clearance through nose blowing, deep breathing, coughing, and hand hygiene. It shows promise in resolving OME but lacks randomized-controlled trial (RCT) evaluation. This paper presents a RCT protocol evaluating BBC's effect on OME resolution, hearing, speech, and QoL in children aged two to seven years. Methods: This parallel-group, 1:1, outcome assessor-blinded, individual adaptive RCT investigates whether completing the BBC intervention plus hand hygiene twice-daily at home increases OME resolution after 4-to-6 weeks in children with OME, compared to hand hygiene alone. Families (n = 250) perform their individually randomized program (BBC plus hand hygiene, or hand hygiene only) at home. The primary outcome is the difference in OME resolution rates between trial arms, assessed using tympanometry (type B to A or C Discussion: If efficacious, BBC could reform OME treatment, reduce costs, and improve long-term hearing, speech, and QoL outcomes in some children. Its accessibility offers a globally scalable solution.

Indexed as

Bayesian modelsClinical trial protocolHealth promotionMiddle ear effusionPediatric otolaryngology

Identifiers

PMID40836947
PMCPMC12362524

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.