Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40836855›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of STD & AIDS2026

Retrospective cohort analysis of antiretroviral therapy initiation timelines and clinical outcomes in adults with HIV and TB disease in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

Claudia J Jansen van Vuuren, Johan van der Molen, Yukteshwar Sookrajh, Thulani Ngwenya, Thokozani Khubone, Siyabonga Mkhize, Kwabena Asare, Kogieleum Naidoo, Richard Lessells, Lara Lewis and 2 more

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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of STD & AIDS, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Claudia J Jansen van VuurenCentre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-1404-7745
Johan van der MolenCentre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Yukteshwar SookrajheThekwini Municipality Health Unit, eThekwini Municipality, Durban, South Africa.
Thulani NgwenyaBethesda Hospital, uBombo, South Africa.
Thokozani KhuboneeThekwini Municipality Health Unit, eThekwini Municipality, Durban, South Africa.
Siyabonga MkhizeBethesda Hospital, uBombo, South Africa.
Kwabena AsareCentre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Kogieleum NaidooCentre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Richard LessellsCentre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Lara LewisCentre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Nigel GarrettCentre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Jienchi DorwardCentre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-6072-1430

Funding

Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 216421/Z/19/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BackgroundWe aimed to determine antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation timing and outcomes in people living with HIV (PLHIV) receiving tuberculosis treatment in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort analysis of routinely collected de-identified data from 62 clinics including PLHIV not already receiving ART aged ≥16 years, starting tuberculosis treatment between October 2016-November 2019. Multivariable Poisson regression models with robust standard errors evaluated associations between timing of ART initiation (after starting tuberculosis treatment) and successful tuberculosis treatment, and 6-month HIV viral load (VL) < 50 copies/mL.ResultsAmong 5,548 PLHIV with tuberculosis, 29.8% initiated ART within 15 days ("early"), 36.2% in 16-56 days, 8.7% in 57-210 days, with 25.3% not initiating ART by 7 months. Proportions with successful tuberculosis treatment were similar comparing 16-56 and 57-210 days to early initiation, with a lower likelihood of successful tuberculosis outcome with no ART within 7 months (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 0.81 [0.77-0.86],

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsAntitubercular AgentsHIV InfectionsTuberculosisAdultAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveCoinfectionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSouth AfricaTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeViral LoadAnti-HIV AgentsAntitubercular Agentsearly ARTHIV and TB diseaseTime to ART initiation

Identifiers

PMID40836855
PMCPMC12783376

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.