Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40836402›Full record

ReviewCognitive neuroscience2026

Rethinking category-selectivity in human visual cortex.

J Brendan Ritchie, Susan G Wardle, Maryam Vaziri-Pashkam, Dwight J Kravitz, Chris I Baker

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cognitive neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Multidimensional Feature Tuning in Category Selective Areas of Human Visual Cortex.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Not drowning, waving?‡.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Mapping macaque to human cortex with natural scene responses.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

J Brendan RitchieSection on Learning and Plasticity (SLaP), Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Susan G WardleSection on Learning and Plasticity (SLaP), Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Maryam Vaziri-PashkamSection on Learning and Plasticity (SLaP), Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Dwight J KravitzDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Chris I BakerSection on Learning and Plasticity (SLaP), Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Funding

Object, face, body and scene representations in the human brainZIAMH002909 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI BAKER, CHRIS · 2009 to 2025
$25.5M
Object, face and body representations in the human brainZ01MH002909 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI BAKER, CHRISTOPHER · 2008 to 2008
$1.1M
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 MH002909Intramural NIH HHS ZIA MH002909
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A wealth of studies report evidence that occipitotemporal cortex tessellates into 'category-selective' brain regions that are apparently specialized for representing ecologically important visual stimuli like faces, bodies, scenes, and tools. Here, we argue that while valuable insights have been gained through the lens of category-selectivity, a more complete view of visual function in occipitotemporal cortex requires centering the behavioral relevance of visual properties in real-world environments rather than stimulus category. Focusing on behavioral relevance challenges a simple mapping between stimulus and visual function in occipitotemporal cortex because the environmental properties relevant to a behavior are visually diverse and how a given property is represented is modulated by our goals. Grounding our thinking in behavioral relevance rather than category-selectivity raises a host of theoretical and empirical issues that we discuss while providing proposals for how existing tools can be harnessed in this light to better understand visual function in occipitotemporal cortex.

Indexed as

Occipital LobePattern Recognition, VisualTemporal LobeVisual CortexVisual PerceptionBrain MappingHumansbehavioral relevanceCategory-selectivityneuroimagingoccipitotemporal cortexreal-world scenestasksvision

Identifiers

PMID40836402
PMCPMC12458057

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC0
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.