ArticleUpdates in surgery2025
What lies beneath: unveiling the umbilical bacterial flora in pediatric laparoscopic surgery.
Article in Updates in surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The umbilicus is a common entry point for laparoscopic surgery but is prone to bacterial colonization, increasing the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs). This study aimed to characterize the umbilical and abdominal skin microflora in pediatric patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery and identify factors influencing bacterial colonization. This study analyzed 100 pediatric patients (0-18 years) who underwent laparoscopic surgery at Samsung Medical Center from January 2020 to December 2021. Skin swabs from the umbilicus and right upper quadrant (RUQ) were collected before and after antiseptic preparation with alcohol-chlorhexidine solution. Bacterial species and resistance profiles were identified, and perioperative factors were analyzed for associations with colonization. Before antiseptic preparation, bacterial colonization was observed in 84% of umbilical samples and 23% of RUQ samples, with Staphylococcus epidermidis being the most common isolate. After preparation, bacterial growth was eliminated in 99% of cases. Patients with indwelling catheters (p < 0.001, OR 55.69), stomas (p < 0.001, OR 55.69), and recent antibiotic use (p = 0.022, OR 3.28) had significantly higher rates of RUQ colonization. Antibiotic use at surgery further increased RUQ colonization risk (p = 0.040, OR 4.35). No significant associations were found with age, gender, or immunosuppression. Notably, no postoperative SSIs were reported, underscoring the effectiveness of antiseptic preparation. The umbilicus demonstrated a higher rate of bacterial colonization compared to RUQ skin in pediatric patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Nonetheless, proper antiseptic techniques ensured over 99% of cases were free from bacterial growth, affirming the safety of the umbilicus as a primary entry port for minimally invasive procedures. Factors such as indwelling catheters, stomas, and recent antibiotic use were linked to increased bacterial colonization at RUQ sites, emphasizing the importance of tailored prophylactic antibiotics and meticulous antiseptic preparation in these patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40836176What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.