ArticleActa psychiatrica Scandinavica2026
Associations Between Cognitive Functions and Subsequent Mood Disorder Prognosis in Low-Risk, High-Risk and Affected Monozygotic Twins: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study.
Article in Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Associations Between Cognitive Functions and Subsequent Mood Disorder Prognosis in Low-Risk, High-Risk and Affected Monozygotic Twins: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAberrant cognition is common among individuals at familial risk for mood disorders (MD) and those already affected. However, long-term prospective studies are needed to determine whether specific cognitive features predict illness onset and relapse; and whether cognitive impairments reflect neurodevelopmental traits or neuroprogressive decline.
methodsThis seven-year prospective study examined the relationship between cognition and illness progression in monozygotic twins with mood disorders, their healthy high-risk monozygotic co-twins, and low-risk twins without a family history. Emotional and non-emotional cognition was assessed at baseline (n = 204) and follow-up (n = 124). Cox regression models tested whether baseline cognition predicted future illness onset in unaffected individuals (n = 89) or relapse in affected ones (n = 112). Longitudinal cognitive changes were analyzed using mixed models.
resultsGreater attentional vigilance toward consciously processed happy faces at baseline was associated with a reduced risk of both illness onset (Exp(B) = 0.995, CI [0.990; 1.000], p = 0.03) and relapse (Exp(B) = 0.997, CI [0.995; 0.999], p = 0.003). Paradoxically, better verbal fluency at baseline was linked to an increased risk of illness onset (Exp(B) = 1.589, CI [1.204; 2.097], p < 0.001). Over time, onset was associated with increasing avoidance of subliminal fearful faces (group-by-time interaction, p < 0.001), whereas avoidance decreased in those who remained well. Verbal fluency declined in twins who developed a mood disorder (p = 0.02) but remained stable in those who stayed unaffected. No significant longitudinal cognitive differences emerged between affected twins with and without relapse.
conclusionsPositive attentional biases may protect against illness onset and relapse, while greater baseline verbal fluency may unexpectedly signal vulnerability. Verbal fluency decline after illness onset likely reflects scar effects. The findings underscore the importance of early identification of cognitive-emotional vulnerabilities and suggest targets for preventive interventions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.