ArticleACS medicinal chemistry letters2025
Shortwave Infrared (SWIR)-Emitting Tamoxifen-Conjugated Cyanine Dyes for Estrogen Receptor-Targeted Cancer Imaging.
Article in ACS medicinal chemistry letters, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Fluorescence-guided tumor detection using tumor-targeting imaging agents is critical for achieving complete surgical resection with tumor-free margins. Shortwave infrared (SWIR, 900-1400 nm) fluorescence imaging enables deeper tissue penetration due to reduced tissue autofluorescence and scattering relative to conventional visible (400-700 nm) and near-infrared (NIR, 700-900 nm) imaging. In this study, a series of estrogen receptor (ER)-targeting imaging probes were developed by conjugating the anticancer drug-based ligand tamoxifen (TAM) with the FDA-approved indocyanine green (ICG), yielding ICG-TAM and its π-conjugated extended analogues, ICG-C9-TAM and ICG-C11-TAM. Although ICG-TAM exhibits peak absorption and emission in the NIR region, it also emits in the SWIR region. ICG-C9-TAM and ICG-C11-TAM were further evaluated for noninvasive SWIR fluorescence imaging. SWIR fluorescence imaging was performed in ER-expressing cervical and breast cancer cells using the TAM conjugates. These findings support the use of receptor-targeted ligands for specific biomolecular imaging in ER-positive cancer models.
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