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ArticlePublic health challenges2025

Socio-Epidemiological Correlates of Anemia Among Non-Pregnant Females of East and West Uttar Pradesh, India: A NFHS-5 Secondary Data Analysis Highlighting the Need for Precision Public Policy.

Sonam Maheshwari, Richa Sinha, Neil Patel, Okashah Kaiwan, Avisham Goyal, Oroshay Kaiwan, Inderbir Padda, Nidhi Uniyal, Mohammed K Suhail, Talha Bin Emran and 2 more

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Article in Public health challenges, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Sonam MaheshwariGovernment Doon Medical College H.N.B. Medical Education University Dehradun Uttarakhand India.
Richa SinhaGovernment Doon Medical College H.N.B. Medical Education University Dehradun Uttarakhand India.
Neil PatelPearResearch Dehradun India.
Okashah KaiwanPearResearch Dehradun India.
Avisham GoyalPearResearch Dehradun India.
Oroshay KaiwanPearResearch Dehradun India.
Inderbir PaddaPearResearch Dehradun India.
Nidhi UniyalPearResearch Dehradun India.
Mohammed K SuhailPearResearch Dehradun India.
Talha Bin EmranDepartment of Pharmacy BGC Trust University Bangladesh Chittagong Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3188-2272
Nirja KakaPearResearch Dehradun India.
Yashendra SethiGovernment Doon Medical College H.N.B. Medical Education University Dehradun Uttarakhand India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Anemia remains a persistent public health challenge in India, disproportionately affecting women and undermining maternal and reproductive health outcomes. Despite nationwide efforts, the burden of anemia continues to vary widely across regions, reflecting complex socio-demographic determinants. This study aims to identify region-specific risk factors for anemia among non-pregnant women in East and West Uttar Pradesh (UP), India, using data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5). A secondary data analysis was conducted to explore socio-demographic correlates of anemia among non-pregnant females in East and West UP. Binary and ordinal logistic regression models were employed to analyze various explanatory variables. For variables not meeting the proportional odds assumptions, ordinal variables were binary categorized. Significant regional differences in the correlates of anemia were identified. In West UP, higher odds of anemia were associated with rural residency, alcoholism (odds ratio [OR] = 1.153;

Indexed as

anemiaanemia in Indiaanemia in non‐pregnant femalesanemia in womendemographic correlatesEast versus West Uttar Pradesh (UP)National Family Health Survey (NFHS)regional variations in UPUttar Pradesh

Identifiers

PMID40831674
PMCPMC12360059

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