ArticleVirus evolution2025
Experimental evidence of vaccine-driven evolution of respiratory syndrome virus type 2.
Article in Virus evolution, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- QoALa: A comprehensive workflow for viral quasispecies diversity comparison using long-read sequencing data.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Cross-Protection in PRRSV: Mechanisms, Limitations, and Implications for Vaccine Design.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Comparative epidemiology and preparedness for African swine fever and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in four major Asian swine industries.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Subtle Genetic Shifts of African Swine Fever Virus Among Vietnamese Domestic Swine Following Live-Attenuated Vaccine Commercialization.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite extensive use of vaccination, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus type 2 (PRRSV-2) continues to evolve, likely driven by escape from natural or vaccine-derived immunity. However, direct evidence of vaccine-induced evolutionary pressure remains limited. Here, we tracked the evolution of PRRSV-2 sublineage 1A strain IA/2014 (variant 1A-unclassified) genome from infection chains of sequentially infected pigs under different immune conditions. Weaned pigs were divided into three groups: a non-immunized control group and two groups vaccinated with different modified live virus (MLV) vaccines, namely Prevacent® PRRS MLV (variant 1D.2) and Ingelvac PRRS® MLV (variant 5A.1). Sixty-four days post-vaccination, the pigs were challenged with IA/2014 PRRSV-2. Virus infection chains (which used serum from pigs in batch
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.