ArticleBMC public health2025
The association between waist circumference, weight-adjusted waist index, waist-to-height ratio and waist divided by height
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Insulin Resistance Indices and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Prediabetes: A Machine Learning-Assisted Predictive Modeling Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association of annual percentage changes in anthropometric indices with all-cause mortality: a 14-year longitudinal study of older US adults.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist divided by height
methodsWe extracted data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES1999-2016),and 7000 patients with diabetes were eligible. Weighted logistic regression and weighted restricted cubic spline analyses were performed to explore the association between WC, WWI, WHtR, WTH.5R and the likelihood of cardiovascular disease (CVD), congestive heart failure (CHF), coronary artery disease (CAD), and stroke. Stratified analyses and interaction tests were further conducted.
resultsThe WHtR index demonstrated a statistically significant positive linear relationship with the likelihoodof CVD [Quartile 4, full adjusted: OR 1.84(1.38,2.47)], CHF [Quartile 4, full adjusted: OR 2.35(1.51,3.66)], CAD [Quartile 4, full adjusted: OR 1.43(1.06,1.94)] and stroke [Quartile 4, full adjusted: OR 1.59(1.01,2.51)]. Moreover, the WC and WHT.5R were positively associated withCVD [Quartile 4, full adjusted: WC OR 1.95(2.44,2.65); WHT.5R OR 2.01(1.53,2.63)], CHF [Quartile 4, full adjusted: WC OR 2.83(1.79,4.47); WHT.5R OR 2.33(1.52,3.58)], and CAD [Quartile 4, full adjusted: WC OR 1.64(1.22,2.21); WHT.5R OR 1.43(1.06,1.94)], while WWI exhibited a similar association with the prevalence ratesof CVD [Quartile 4, full adjusted: OR 1.76(1.29,2.42)] and CAD [Quartile 4, full adjusted: OR 1.51(1.04,2.19)]. RCS analyses showed that all indices had a linear relationship with the probability of CVD, CHF, CAD, and stroke.
conclusionsThis study highlighted the application prospect of these four indicators in predicting cardiovascular disease ability in patients with diabetes, especially the WHtR index.
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