Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40830378›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Impact of CAR T cell therapy on thymus size in children and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Iryna Vasyliv, Hyun Gi Kim, Courtney Erickson, Christina Baggott, Liora Michal Schultz, Tie Liang, Sneha Ramakrishna, Kara Lynn Devis, Heike E Daldrup-Link

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Imaging the efficacy and side effects of CAR T-cell therapy in children and young adults.Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Iryna Vasyliv *Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Hyun Gi Kim *Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Courtney EricksonDepartment of Pediatrics, Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Christina BaggottDepartment of Pediatrics, Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Liora Michal SchultzDepartment of Pediatrics, Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Tie LiangDepartment of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Sneha RamakrishnaDepartment of Pediatrics, Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Kara Lynn DevisDepartment of Pediatrics, Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Heike E Daldrup-LinkDepartment of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. heiked@stanford.edu.

Funding

Advanced Imaging Tools to Assess Cancer Therapeutics in Pediatric PatientsR01CA269231 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Heike Elizabeth Daldrup-Link · 2022 to 2026
$3.5M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA269231
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has demonstrated efficacy in children and young adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The purpose of our study was to investigate thymus size changes after CAR T-cell therapy, explore the associated clinical conditions, and assess survival differences of patients who underwent CAR T-cell therapy, we conducted a single-center retrospective study of children and young adult patients who underwent CAR T-cell therapy for ALL between April 2015 and October 2023.We measured the volume of the thymus on pre- and post-CAR T-cell chest CT scans of 20 patients (median [IQR] age, 18[11] years; 11 females). We divided patients into two groups, those who did (group 1) or did not (group 2) demonstrate increase in thymus size after therapy. Clinical and survival data were collected. We used the Wilcoxon signed-rank test or Fisher's exact test for group comparisons and analyzed event-free survival data. Seven of 20 patients (35%, group 1) showed increase in thymus volume (pre- vs. post-CAR T-cell thymus volume; 5.01 [2.18] cm³ vs. 20.87 [19.86] cm³, p = 0.01), while 13 patients (65%, group 2) showed no increase in thymus volume (pre- vs. post-CAR T-cell thymus volume; 3.01 [13.42] cm³ vs. 2.09 [8.34] cm³, p = 0.01). Patients in group 1 were younger (12 [8] years vs. 19[10] years, p = 0.028) and showed a higher rate of event-free survival compared to those in group 2 (p = 0.003). In children and young adults with ALL, increased thymus size after CAR T-cell therapy was associated with younger age and improved clinical outcomes.

Indexed as

Immunotherapy, AdoptivePrecursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-LymphomaReceptors, Chimeric AntigenThymus GlandAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMaleOrgan SizeRetrospective StudiesTomography, X-Ray ComputedTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultReceptors, Chimeric AntigenCAR T-cell therapyChest CTChildEvent-free survivalLeukemiaThymus

Identifiers

PMID40830378
PMCPMC12365290

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.