ArticleScientific reports2025
Educational attainment in sociocentric networks associates with cardiac biomarkers in Korean elders.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
The link between education and recovery from cardiovascular diseases is well-established, yet the relationship between the educational attainment of social network members and the development of these conditions remains underexplored. Cardiac biomarkers such as BNP, Troponin I, and NT-proBNP are early indicators of cardiovascular stress and subclinical damage. For instance, Troponin I is linked to myocardial infarction, while BNP and NT-proBNP are used to identify heart failure. This study examines the relationship between educational attainment of social network and cardiac biomarkers using data from the Korean Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (KSHAP), a longitudinal study of 709 adults aged 60-95 in a rural village, surveyed in 2011, 2016, and 2019. Fixed-effects models were employed to reduce unobserved heterogeneity by assessing within-individual changes. The educational attainment of rural older adults, who typically possess only basic education, showed no association with levels of cardiac biomarkers. However, compared to older adults with no college-educated friend, people with one college-educated friend-of-friend was linked to lower levels of BNP (β = - 0.26), Troponin I (β = - 0.81), and NT-proBNP (β = - 0.57). Social environments enriched with college-educated ties may offer cognitive or informational benefits that help prevent early cardiovascular damage.
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