Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40828420›Full record

ArticleEuropean archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience2026

Thyroid hormones and cognitive function in chronic schizophrenia: a large-scale cross-sectional study.

Shutong Yang, Ke Zhang, Rui Jiang, Yuanyuan Liu, Cui Li, Guoshuai Luo, Xiangyang Zhang

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Article in European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shutong Yang *Mental Health Department, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Psychiatric Medical Center, Tianjin University, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China.
Ke Zhang *Mental Health Department, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Psychiatric Medical Center, Tianjin University, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China.
Rui Jiang *Mental Health Department, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Psychiatric Medical Center, Tianjin University, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China.
Yuanyuan LiuMental Health Department, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Psychiatric Medical Center, Tianjin University, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China.
Cui LiDepartment of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Technical Vocational College, 58 Huangshan Rd, Nanjing, 210019, China.
Guoshuai LuoMental Health Department, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Psychiatric Medical Center, Tianjin University, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China. luoguoshuai_tijmu@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0286-4369
Xiangyang ZhangMental Health Department, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Psychiatric Medical Center, Tianjin University, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China. zhangxy@psych.ac.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 81973759
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCognitive dysfunction is a core symptom in chronic schizophrenia, yet the mechanisms underlying these impairments remain poorly understood. Thyroid hormones have been suggested to influence cognitive function in various psychiatric disorders, but their role in schizophrenia remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and cognitive performance in patients with chronic schizophrenia.

methodsA total of 1271 patients with chronic schizophrenia were included in this cross-sectional study. Cognitive function was assessed using the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS), while thyroid hormone levels (total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4)) were measured. Data analysis included linear correlation and regression models to examine the relationships between thyroid hormones and cognitive performance.

resultsSignificant associations were found between thyroid hormone levels and cognitive function. FT3 was positively correlated with visuospatial (r = 0.055, p < 0.05), while TT4 showed a negative correlation with immediate memory, visuospatial, language, and attention (r = -0.109 to -0.068, p < 0.05). Regression analysis further confirmed that TT4 was a negative predictor for immediate memory, visuospatial, language, and attention, while FT3 emerged as a positive predictor for visuospatial.

conclusionsThis study provides evidence for the role of thyroid hormones in cognitive dysfunction in chronic schizophrenia, with TT4 negatively related to multiple cognitive domains, and FT3 positively associated with visuospatial ability. These findings suggest that thyroid hormone imbalances may contribute to cognitive impairments in schizophrenia and warrant further investigation into potential therapeutic interventions.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionSchizophreniaThyroid HormonesThyroxineTriiodothyronineAdultChronic DiseaseCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsYoung AdultThyroid HormonesThyroxineTriiodothyronineChronic schizophreniaCognitive functionRepeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological statusThyroid hormones

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PMID40828420

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