SynthesisAdvances in therapy2025
Association Between Surrogate Endpoints and Clinical Outcomes in Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy: A Systematic Literature Review.
Synthesis in Advances in therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Comparative effectiveness of budesonide EC and telitacicept in proteinuria and eGFR trajectories in IgA nephropathy: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAt least 50% of patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) reach kidney failure within 12 years of diagnosis. Delayed progression to kidney failure remains the gold standard treatment endpoint in IgAN, but the prolonged time course limits feasibility as a primary endpoint in clinical trials. Earlier measurable endpoints may serve as surrogate endpoints for clinically important long-term kidney outcomes. Regulatory bodies recognize surrogate endpoints like proteinuria reduction. However, other stakeholders, like payers, health technology assessment agencies, and policymakers, may require additional evidence. This literature review assessed data on associations between surrogate endpoints, including proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and long-term kidney outcomes in IgAN.
methodsA systematic search of IgAN studies conducted in any country was performed in MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL via Ovid (January 1, 2006-September 1, 2023), supplemented by conference abstracts (2019-2023) and relevant literature reviews and meta-analyses. Eligible studies evaluated the association of surrogate endpoints of kidney disease progression with long-term outcomes in IgAN.
resultsAmong 1833 unique citations screened, 23 publications met inclusion criteria. Proteinuria was associated with progression to kidney failure (p < 0.001-0.021; n = 5 studies), reaching a composite kidney event (p < 0.001-0.02; n = 6), doubling of serum creatinine (p = 0.009; n = 1), and long-term eGFR decline (p < 0.001-0.910; n = 5); absolute eGFR at months 3 and 6 was associated with composite kidney events (p ≤ 0.001-0.03; n = 2); and eGFR slope was associated with kidney failure (p < 0.001; n = 1) and doubling of serum creatinine (p < 0.001-0.007; n = 1).
conclusionThe literature supports associations of proteinuria and eGFR with long-term clinical outcomes in IgAN across multiple studies and geographic regions. Despite regional variability in standard of care, which introduces heterogeneity in the strength of associations, the consistency of findings across regions supports the utility of proteinuria and eGFR as surrogate endpoints for clinically important long-term kidney outcomes.
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