Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40827905›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2025

Toward diagnostic preparedness: detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) in contrived nasal swab specimens using rapid antigen and point-of-care molecular tests.

Leda Bassit, Gregory L Damhorst, Heather B Bowers, Courtney Sabino, Julie Sullivan, Emily B Kennedy, Jacob Khouri, Pamela Miller, Eric Lai, Raymond F Schinazi and 3 more

Abstract readEvaluation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Leda Bassit *Center for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9894-5587
Gregory L Damhorst *The Atlanta Center for Microsystems-Engineered Point-of-Care TechnologiesAtlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2237-1713
Heather B BowersCenter for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8758-8633
Courtney SabinoCenter for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-2806-5135
Julie SullivanThe Atlanta Center for Microsystems-Engineered Point-of-Care TechnologiesAtlanta, Georgia, USA.
Emily B KennedyOOMVELTLakewood, Ohio, USA.
Jacob KhouriBreton Highlands ConsultingSand Springs, Oklahoma, USA.
Pamela MillerEcho ConsultingExcelsior, Minnesota, USA.
Eric LaiPharmaDx, LLCSan Diego, California, USA.
Raymond F SchinaziCenter for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Wilbur A LamThe Atlanta Center for Microsystems-Engineered Point-of-Care TechnologiesAtlanta, Georgia, USA.
Nira R PollockNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Anuradha RaoThe Atlanta Center for Microsystems-Engineered Point-of-Care TechnologiesAtlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6600-0677

Funding

Technology Training and Dissemination CoreU54EB027690 · NIBIB · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI DAVID N KU · 2018 to 2026
$96.1M
RADx Innovation Funnel for HIV diagnostics – Validation Center75N92022D00015 · NIBIB · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI PARSLOW, TRISTRAM G. · 2022 to 2025
$19.9M
NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92022D00015NIBIB NIH HHS U54 EB027690NICHD NIH HHS 75N94023F00001NIH HHS 3U54EB027690-05S1NIH HHS 75N92022D00015/75N92023F00001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b was first detected in birds in 2021 in the United States (U.S.). An ongoing outbreak in dairy cattle began in early 2024 involving genotype B3.13. At least 70 U.S. cases have been identified in humans with exposure to infected cattle, poultry, and wild birds. No human-to-human transmission has yet been documented. However, for diagnostic preparedness, we evaluated the ability of currently available influenza tests to detect 2024 U.S. H5N1 genotypes, B3.13 and D1.1, predominant in wild birds and poultry. Contrived nasal swab samples were prepared using live or inactivated virus and used to test 12 rapid antigen tests (lateral flow assays, [LFA]), including 10 commercially available influenza A and two H5-specific LFAs. Five point-of-care (POC) molecular assays were also tested. An inclusivity testing protocol utilizing a predetermined dilution series was used to evaluate each assay, enabling a head-to-head comparison of performances. All LFAs and POC molecular tests were able to detect bovine 2024 H5N1 genotype B3.13. Sensitivity for the POC molecular tests (heat-inactivated B3.13) ranged from 1.55 to 7.75 TCID

Indexed as

Antigens, ViralInfluenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeInfluenza, HumanInfluenza in BirdsMolecular Diagnostic TechniquesAnimalsBirdsCattleDisease OutbreaksGenotypeHumansPoint-of-Care SystemsPoint-of-Care TestingPoultrySensitivity and SpecificityUnited StatesAntigens, Viralbird fluinfluenza Alateral flow assaysOTCPOC

Identifiers

PMID40827905
PMCPMC12421893

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.