ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2025
In Situ Vaccines in the Era of Cancer Immunotherapy: Conceptual Innovation and Clinical Translation.
Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Article
- Review
- Illuminating the path to oncolysis: rise of microbial phototherapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Precise Catalysis and Immune Activation: New Strategies for Tumor Immunotherapy with Cascade Nanozymes.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- In Situ Vaccines in the Era of Cancer Immunotherapy: Conceptual Innovation and Clinical Translation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Historically, directly injecting therapeutics into tumors has been deemed suboptimal and less favorable in clinical settings compared to systemic administration due to the inability to eradicate circulating/metastatic tumor cells until the emergence of the concept of in situ vaccine. In situ vaccine leverages patients' own tumors as a pool of antigens to elicit systemic antitumor immunity (also known as "abscopal effect") that aims to eliminate both primary and distal/metastatic tumors. One typical example of an approved product is Talimogene laherparepvec, an oncolytic virus approved in 2015 for treating advanced melanoma. To improve the effectiveness and the biosafety of in situ vaccines, various approaches have emerged, including new generations of oncolytic viruses, engineered bacteria, cytokine treatment, immune adjuvants, nanotechnology-enabled formulations, and photo/radio-therapies, showing remarkable promise in preclinical and clinical settings. These conceptual advances offer tailored solutions to challenges such as low antigen availability, limited immune activation, and side effects. In this review, we explore the current landscape of in situ cancer vaccines, categorizing them based on their functional formulations and highlighting their conceptual innovation in cancer immunotherapy. Additionally, a comprehensive discussion is provided of the existing clinical trials and our perspective on future clinical translation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.