Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40827424›Full record

ArticleAnnals of medicine2025

Incidence, mortality, and DALYs of global pharyngeal cancer: systematic analysis and projections Based on global burden of disease study 2021.

Tianjiao Zhou, Ying Shen, Enhui Zhou, Jingyu Zhang, Xiaoting Wang, Fan Song, Lili Xiao, Chen Xu, Wen Lu, Haibo Ye and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Tianjiao ZhouDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0009-0000-2058-9279
Ying ShenDepartment of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7729-2951
Enhui ZhouDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8252-7778
Jingyu ZhangDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xiaoting WangDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Fan SongDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Lili XiaoDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Chen XuDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Wen LuDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Haibo YeDepartment of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Kaiming SuDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Hongliang YiDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1643-1433
Weijun HuangDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionCompared to other head and neck cancers, pharyngeal cancer (PC) has poorer survival, representing a significant health burden. This study aimed to assess the burden and trends of PC at global, regional, and national levels and analyze mortality-related factors.

methodsData on PC, including incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and death-related risk factors from 1990 to 2021, were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to assess trends.

resultsIn 2021, PC incidence was 169,820, with 98,435 deaths and 2,843,781 DALYs. Age-standardized rates for incidence, death, and DALYs were 1.93, 1.13, and 32.30 per 100,000, respectively. South Asia had the highest death and DALYs rates (3.23 and 93.00). Low-middle socio-demographic index (SDI) regions showed the highest death rate (2.19) and the greatest EAPC for death rates (0.684%). A positive correlation between SDI and death rates was observed globally (

conclusionIn 2021, global PC incidence, deaths, and DALYs increased significantly, with notable regional disparities, especially in low-middle SDI regions. Alcohol-related mortality disproportionately affected younger males. Strengthening oral health resources, controlling alcohol and tobacco use are essential to reducing the global PC burden.

Indexed as

Disability-Adjusted Life YearsPharyngeal NeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleGlobal Burden of DiseaseGlobal HealthHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsYoung Adultdeathdisability-adjusted life-yearsGlobal burden of disease studyincidencepharyngeal cancer

Identifiers

PMID40827424
PMCPMC12366512

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.