ArticleCureus2025
Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and Its Association With Previous Treatment History in Adults.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pattern and predictors of drug resistance and treatment outcome in tuberculosis patients at the centers of programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Lahore, Pakistan.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Drug-resistant tuberculosis and pulmonary co-infections in immunocompromised patients: from multi-omics to precision therapy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Factors Influencing Adherence to All-Oral Short-Course Treatment for DR-TB and Establishment of a Predictive Model.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a growing threat to global tuberculosis (TB) control efforts, particularly in high-burden countries like Pakistan. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MDR-TB among adult pulmonary TB patients and evaluate its association with previous treatment history and other potential risk factors. Methods A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan, from January to June 2024. A total of 250 adult patients with microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB were enrolled using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Sputum samples were tested using the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay, and rifampicin-resistant samples were further analyzed by culture-based drug susceptibility testing to confirm MDR-TB. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 26. Logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of MDR-TB. Results The overall prevalence of MDR-TB was 18.8% (47/250). MDR-TB was significantly more prevalent in previously treated patients (40.0%) compared to newly diagnosed cases (6.9%) (p < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, previous TB treatment (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 7.85; 95% CI: 3.85-16.00), smoking history (AOR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.02-4.45), and diabetes mellitus (AOR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.33-5.68) were independently associated with MDR-TB. Age and gender were not significantly associated with MDR-TB. Conclusion The study revealed a high prevalence of MDR-TB, especially among previously treated patients. Previous TB treatment, smoking, and diabetes mellitus were key risk factors. These findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive drug resistance screening and the integration of non-communicable disease management and tobacco control into TB care strategies.
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