ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2025
Gender differences in the prescription of SGLT2 inhibitors in chronic kidney disease: A real-world database study.
Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Gender disparity in access to care across the continuum of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review.BMC nephrology · 2026Pooled it
- Sex Differences in the Cardiovascular Significance of Albuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Prescription patterns of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients admitted to a tertiary health service with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: an opportunity to improve.Internal medicine journal · 2026Article
- Neuropsychiatric adverse events of SGLT2 inhibitors: a pharmacovigilance analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system database.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Gender differences in the prescription of SGLT2 inhibitors in chronic kidney disease: A real-world database study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health concern, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have emerged as a key treatment strategy. While their kidney-protective effects are well established in both genders, women are prescribed these agents less frequently than men for the treatment of type 2 diabetes worldwide. However, data on gender differences in SGLT2 inhibitor prescriptions for CKD remain limited. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis retrospective cohort study examined gender disparities in SGLT2 inhibitor prescriptions among individuals with CKD using a large-scale real-world database in Japan. Prescription claims data were extracted from health insurance claims records, and baseline clinical characteristics were obtained from health check-up records. CKD was defined as an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m
resultsFollowing the approval of SGLT2 inhibitors for CKD in late August 2021, the proportion of prescriptions increased from 0.86% to 2.10% in men and from 0.34% to 0.88% in women from September 2021 to February 2023. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified being a woman as an independent risk factor for lower SGLT2 inhibitor prescriptions (odds ratio 0.58, 95% confidence intervals 0.55-0.62). These findings were consistent across stratified and sensitivity analyses.
conclusionsPersistent gender disparities in SGLT2 inhibitor prescriptions highlight the need for healthcare providers worldwide to recognise potential gender biases and ensure equitable access to evidence-based CKD therapies. Addressing gender-based disparities is crucial for optimising CKD management globally.
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