Trial reportEuropean journal of medical research2025
Microneedling-assisted delivery of metformin versus tranexamic acid in treating melasma: a randomized controlled study.
Trial report in European journal of medical research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07495748 (Comparative Evaluation of Topical Metformin and Topical Tranexamic Acid in Melasma Using MASI Score Reduction), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparative Evaluation of Topical Metformin and Topical Tranexamic Acid in Melasma Using MASI Score Reduction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMelasma is a common, relapsing hyperpigmentation disorder with limited long-term treatment success. Recent advances suggest that microneedling may enhance the transdermal delivery and efficacy of topical agents. This study compares the clinical outcomes of microneedling-assisted delivery of topical metformin and tranexamic acid (TXA) in the treatment of facial melasma, with modified Kligman's formula as a control.
objectivesTo evaluate and compare the efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction of microneedling with topical metformin versus TXA in melasma patients.
methodsForty-five female patients with facial melasma were randomized into three equal groups. Group A received microneedling with topical metformin; Group B received microneedling with topical TXA; Group C applied modified Kligman's formula nightly. Treatments were conducted over 8 weeks. Outcomes included changes in modified Melasma Area and Severity Index (mMASI), patient satisfaction scores, pain levels, and adverse events.
resultsAll groups showed significant mMASI reductions. Group B achieved the greatest reduction (mean 45.3%) followed by Group C (38.2%) and Group A (22.1%) (p < 0.001). Satisfaction scores were highest in Group B, with 33.3% reporting marked improvement. Minimal adverse events were reported across all groups, with no serious side effects. Pain scores were comparable between microneedling groups.
conclusionMicroneedling with topical TXA demonstrated superior efficacy and patient satisfaction compared to metformin and Kligman's formula. While topical metformin showed some potential, its formulation and clinical utility require further study. Microneedling offers a promising approach to improve treatment outcomes in melisma.
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