ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025
Association of gestational weight gain with pregnancy complications and delivery outcomes in twins: a study in Northern China.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to develop a gestational age-specific gestational weight gain (GWG) reference for twins in northern China and analyze its impact on pregnancy complications and delivery outcomes considering GWG during different trimesters of pregnancy.
methodsThis study analyzed 9375 twin pregnant women in Tianjin (2010-2018) after outlier and missing data exclusion. Using the lambda - mu - sigma - tau (LMS) method with GAMLSS package in R, BMI- and trimester-specific GWG percentiles were established. Participants were classified into insufficient, interquartile, and excessive GWG groups. Multivariable regression models, adjusted for multiple confounders, were used to explore the associations between GWG categories and pregnancy complications as well as delivery outcomes, with adjusted odds ratios and p values reported for different trimesters.
resultsThe smoothed gestational age-specific GWG percentile curve indicates that underweight and normal weight women had greater weight gain during pregnancy than overweight and obese women, with median weight gains at delivery of 20.3 kg, 20.8 kg, 16.7 kg, and 16.6 kg, respectively. Excessive GWG was associated with elevated risks of second and third-trimester hypertension, while insufficient GWG associated with the increased thyroid-related diseases during these trimesters. Pregnant individuals with insufficient GWG throughout pregnancy had higher odds of abnormal birthweight, whereas excessive GWG was inversely related to thyroid disease incidence. Analyses based on Chinese BMI criteria showed specific risk patterns, such as the link between third-trimester excessive GWG and increased abnormal birthweight risk.
conclusionThis study developed a gestational age-specific GWG reference for twins in northern China and revealed that underweight and normal weight women experienced greater weight gain during pregnancy than overweight and obese women. Improper GWG is associated with a higher risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes across different pregnancy trimesters. The Chinese BMI classification is more suitable for studying the effect of GWG and providing advice for clinical diet control in China.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.