Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40825855›Full record

ArticleNature microbiology2025

A defined microbial community reproduces attributes of fine flavour chocolate fermentation.

David Gopaulchan, Christopher Moore, Naailah Ali, Darin Sukha, Sergio Leonardo Florez González, Fabio Esteban Herrera Rocha, Ni Yang, Mui Lim, Tristan P Dew, Andrés Fernando González Barrios and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Microbial biotechnology meets ecological theory: a unified framework to design industrial microbial consortia.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Microbial chocolatiers of fine flavour.Nature microbiology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

David GopaulchanFuture Food Beacon of Excellence, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham, UK.
Christopher MooreSchool of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3122-7502
Naailah AliCocoa Research Centre, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2211-196X
Darin SukhaCocoa Research Centre, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
Sergio Leonardo Florez GonzálezCasaLuker S.A., Bogotá, Colombia.
Fabio Esteban Herrera RochaGrupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos (GDPP), Departamento de Ingeniería Química y de Alimentos, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
Ni YangSchool of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham, UK.
Mui LimSchool of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham, UK.
Tristan P DewFuture Food Beacon of Excellence, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham, UK.
Andrés Fernando González BarriosGrupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos (GDPP), Departamento de Ingeniería Química y de Alimentos, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
Pathmanathan UmaharanCocoa Research Centre, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
David E SaltFuture Food Beacon of Excellence, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham, UK. david.salt@nottingham.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0283-0991
Gabriel CastrilloFuture Food Beacon of Excellence, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham, UK. gabriel.castrillo@nottingham.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1557-6614

Funding

Innovate UK 133788
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) bean fermentation is a spontaneous process involving interactions between abiotic and biotic factors that contribute to the final flavours of chocolate. Understanding these underlying interactions could enable desired flavour profiles to be reproduced under controlled conditions. Here, using bean fermentation samples from Colombian farms, we established that pH, temperature and microbiota composition, including both bacteria and fungi, influence key flavour attributes of premium chocolate. Genome-resolved metagenomics revealed that metabolic traits necessary for the development of the flavour profile of chocolate are redundantly present in the fermentation microbial community. Using a defined and metabolically competent microbial consortium, the feasibility of replicating fine flavour attributes of chocolate under controlled conditions was confirmed via omics, metabolic networks and a trained tasting panel. Our results provide the basis for the design of fermentation starters to robustly reproduce fine chocolate characteristics.

Indexed as

BacteriaCacaoChocolateFermentationFlavoring AgentsMicrobial ConsortiaMicrobiotaColombiaFood MicrobiologyFungiHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMetagenomicsTasteTemperatureFlavoring Agents

Identifiers

PMID40825855
PMCPMC12408344

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.