ArticleGigaScience2025
A near-complete genome assembly of the bearded dragon Pogona vitticeps provides insights into the origin of Pogona sex chromosomes.
Article in GigaScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Chromosomal rearrangements and segmental deletions contribute to gene loss in squamates.BMC biology · 2026Article
- Chromosomal rearrangements and segmental deletions contribute to gene loss in squamates.BMC biology · 2026Article
- A near-complete genome assembly of the bearded dragon Pogona vitticeps provides insights into the origin of Pogona sex chromosomes.GigaScience · 2025Article
- A near-complete genome assembly of the bearded dragon Pogona vitticeps provides insights into the origin of Pogona sex chromosomes.GigaScience · 2025Article
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24 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundVertebrate sex is typically determined either by genetic factors, such as sex chromosomes, or by environmental cues like temperature. Therefore, the agamid dragon lizard Pogona vitticeps is remarkable in this regard, as it exhibits both ZZ/ZW genetic and temperature-dependent sex determination. However, complete sequence and full gene content of P. vitticeps sex chromosomes remain unclear, hindering the investigation of sex-determining cascade in this model lizard.
resultsUsing CycloneSEQ and DNBSEQ sequencing technologies, we generated a near-complete chromosome-scale genome assembly for a ZZ male P. vitticeps. Compared with previous reference genome (GCF_900067755.1/Pvi1.1), this ∼1.8-Gb new assembly displayed >5,700-fold improvement in contiguity (contig N50: 202.5 Mb vs. 35.5 kb) and achieved complete chromosome anchoring (16 vs. 13,749 scaffolds). We found that over 80% of the P. vitticeps Z chromosome remains as a pseudo-autosomal region, where recombination is not suppressed. The sexually differentiated region (SDR) is small and occupied mostly by transposons, yet it aggregates genes involved in male development, such as AMH, AMHR2, and BMPR1A. Finally, by tracking the evolutionary origin and developmental expression of SDR genes, we proposed a model for the origin of P. vitticeps sex chromosomes that considered the Z-linked AMH as the master sex-determining gene.
conclusionsIn this study, we fully characterized the Z sex chromosome of P. vitticeps, identified AMH as the candidate sex-determining gene, and proposed a new model for the origin of P. vitticeps sex chromosomes. The near-complete P. vitticeps reference genome will also benefit future study of reptile evolution.
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