Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40824135›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2026

Clinical Predictors and Incidence of Kaposi Sarcoma Among Males With HIV in the Treat-All Era in the United States and Canada.

Sally B Coburn, Michael J Silverberg, Raynell Lang, Catherine Lesko, Ank Nijhawan, Minh Ly T Nguyen, Timothy R Sterling, Richard D Moore, Keri N Althoff, Michael A Horberg

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Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Sally B CoburnDepartment of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6423-1137
Michael J SilverbergDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Pleasanton, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9322-1395
Raynell LangDepartment of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-0268-4680
Catherine LeskoDepartment of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1717-2592
Ank NijhawanDivision of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Minh Ly T NguyenDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Timothy R SterlingDepartment of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4822-6979
Richard D MooreDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8250-5069
Keri N AlthoffDepartment of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Michael A HorbergKaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic Medical Group and Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6971-7646

Funding

WOMEN'S HEALTH AGENDAU01AI038858 · NIAID · SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS, INC. · PI BENSON, CONSTANCE ANN · 1996 to 2008
$157.5M
AIDS Clinical Trials Group NetworkU01AI068636 · NIAID · SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS, INC. · PI KURITZKES, DANIEL R. · 2006 to 2010
$147.1M
UCSF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE INSTITUTEUL1RR024131 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JOHNSTON, S. CLAIBORNE · 2006 to 2011
$111.2M
University of Washington/Fred Hutch Center for AIDS ResearchP30AI027757 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI EDWIN ROBERTO ORELLANA · 1988 to 2026
$104.9M
Unsolicited R24 for the CFAR-Network of Integrated Clinical Sciences, CNICSR24AI067039 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Michael S. Saag · 2006 to 2026
$99.4M
Virology CoreP30AI027763 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MALLORY O JOHNSON · 1988 to 2026
$93.6M
Implementing a Maternal health and PRegnancy Outcomes Vision for Everyone (IMPROVE)UL1TR002378 · NCATS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Andres J Garcia, Elizabeth O. Ofili · 2017 to 2026
$92.1M
Virology CoreP30AI027767 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Latesha Ellen Elopre · 1988 to 2026
$84.1M
STATISTICAL AND DATA MANAGEMENT CENTERU01AI038855 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI HUGHES, MICHAEL DAVID · 1996 to 2006
$78.1M
Engaging University of California Stakeholders for Biorespository ResearchUL1TR000004 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GRANDIS, JENNIFER RUBIN · 2012 to 2015
$78.0M
Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS - Coordinating CenterU10EY008057 · NEI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI VAN NATTA, MARK L · 1988 to 2012
$78.0M
Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology CoreP30AI050410 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI DAVID M. MARGOLIS · 2001 to 2026
$76.9M
Agency for Healthcare Researchand QualityCDC HHSCIHREunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentGovernment of Alberta, CanadaHRSA HHS CBR-86906HRSA HHS CBR-94036HRSA HHS HCP-97105HRSA HHS TGF-96118Intramural NIH HHS Z01 CP010176National Institute for Mental HealthNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases U01AI069918NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR000421NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000004NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000083NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002378NCATS NIH HHS UM1 TR004406NCI NIH HHS N01 CP001004NCI NIH HHS N02 CP055504NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024131NEI NIH HHS K23 EY013707NEI NIH HHS U10 EY008052NEI NIH HHS U10 EY008057NEI NIH HHS U10 EY008067NHGRI NIH HHSNHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146192NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146193NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146194NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146201NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146202NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146203NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146204NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146205NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146208NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146240NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146241NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146242NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146245NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146333NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA016893NIAAA NIH HHS U01 AA013566NIAAA NIH HHS U01 AA020790NIAAA NIH HHS U24 AA020794NIAID NIH HHS F31 AI124794NIAID NIH HHS K01 AI093197NIAID NIH HHS K01 AI131895NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI065298NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI118591NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI027757NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI027763NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI027767NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI036219NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI050409NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI050410NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI094189NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI110527NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI177010NIAID NIH HHS R24 AI067039NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI038855NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI038858NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI068634NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI068636NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI069432NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI069434NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI069918NIA NIH HHS R01 AG053100NIDA NIH HHS F31 DA037788NIDA NIH HHS K24 DA000432NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA011602NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA012568NIDA NIH HHS R34 DA045592NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA036297NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA036935NIDCD NIH HHSNIDCR NIH HHSNIDDK NIH HHSNIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM133807NIH HHS F31AI124794NIH HHS F31DA037788NIH HHS G12MD007583NIH HHS K01AI093197NIH HHS K01AI131895NIH HHS K23EY013707NIH HHS K24AI065298NIH HHS K24AI118591NIH HHS K24DA000432NIH HHS KL2TR000421NIH HHS N01CP01004NIH HHS N02CP055504NIH HHS N02CP91027NIH HHS P30AI027757NIH HHS P30AI027763NIH HHS P30AI027767NIH HHS P30AI036219NIH HHS P30AI050409NIH HHS P30AI050410NIH HHS P30AI094189NIH HHS P30AI110527NIH HHS P30MH62246NIH HHS R01AA016893NIH HHS R01AG053100NIH HHS R01AI177010NIH HHS R01DA011602NIH HHS R01DA012568NIH HHS R24AI067039NIH HHS R34DA045592NIH HHS U01AA013566NIH HHS U01AA020790NIH HHS U01AI038855NIH HHS U01AI038858NIH HHS U01AI068634NIH HHS U01AI068636NIH HHS U01AI069432NIH HHS U01AI069434NIH HHS U01AI069918NIH HHS U01DA036297NIH HHS U01DA036935NIH HHS U01HL146192NIH HHS U01HL146193NIH HHS U01HL146194NIH HHS U01HL146201NIH HHS U01HL146202NIH HHS U01HL146203NIH HHS U01HL146204NIH HHS U01HL146205NIH HHS U01HL146208NIH HHS U01HL146240NIH HHS U01HL146241NIH HHS U01HL146242NIH HHS U01HL146245NIH HHS U01HL146333NIH HHS U10EY008052NIH HHS U10EY008057NIH HHS U10EY008067NIH HHS U24AA020794NIH HHS U54GM133807NIH HHS UL1RR024131NIH HHS UL1TR000004NIH HHS UL1TR000083NIH HHS UL1TR002378NIH HHS Z01CP010176NIH HHS Z01CP010214NIMHD NIH HHS G12 MD007583NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH062246NINDS NIH HHSNINR NIH HHSOntario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStagnating decreases in Kaposi sarcoma (KS) among men with HIV (MWH) following Treat-All policies necessitate evaluating changes in clinical drivers of KS. We examined clinical factors and their associations with KS rates among MWH in North America.

methodsAmong MWH in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design, we estimated annual KS rates (per 100 000 person-years [PY]) by viral suppression (<200 copies/mL), CD4 count (<500 vs ≥500 cells/mm3), and time since ART initiation (<1 year/naive vs ≥1 year) from 2009-2019. We quantified associations between clinical factors and KS rates using negative binomial regression, estimating incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CIs. Among MWH with KS, we estimated average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) in clinical factor distribution using joinpoint regression.

resultsThere were 61 155 MWH (370 624 PY) contributing 262 KS diagnoses. KS decreased from 132 to 43 cases per 100 000 PY between 2009 and 2019. Viral suppression (IRR2009: .09 [95% CI: .04-.20]; IRR2019: .69 [.31-1.54]), recent/no ART initiation (IRR2009: .14 [.07-.30]; IRR2019: 1.16 [.53, 2.56]), and CD4 count ≥500 cells/mm3 (IRR2009: .13 [.05-.31]; IRR2019: .44 [.18-1.10]) were associated with reduced KS rates, attenuating over time. Unsuppressed viral load at KS diagnosis decreased by 10.6% (-15.8%, -4.8%) as did those on ART ≤1 year/naive (70%-40%; AAPC: -6.3% [-13.8%, 2.1%]).

conclusionsOur findings underscore the importance of early HIV diagnosis/treatment in reducing KS burden. Attenuating associations with HIV factors indicate that those successfully managing HIV increasingly represent KS patients. KS drivers are evolving, requiring patient/population-level monitoring.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsSarcoma, KaposiAdultAnti-HIV AgentsCanadaCD4 Lymphocyte CountCohort StudiesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedUnited StatesViral LoadAnti-HIV AgentsHIVKaposi sarcomamalesratesrisk factors

Identifiers

PMID40824135
PMCPMC12478527

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.