ArticlemBio2025
The evolutionary replacement of restriction-modification by Ssp antiviral systems is associated with the distribution of prophages in the major clonal group of
Article in mBio, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bacterial immune systems.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Network-level divergence in cyclic di-GMP signalling drives ecological versatility in Acinetobacter baumannii.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Immunity: defense against infections essential for all living organisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Bacteriophages kill almost half of the world's bacterial cells every day. In response, bacteria have developed anti-phage defense mechanisms that number in the dozens. Individual defense systems are gained and lost by genomes of the same species, depending on their fitness advantage. Thus, the combination of defense systems presented by the individual genomes may differ, and the collection of all of them is what is known as the pan-immune system of the species. Here, we have analyzed thousands of genomes of the bacterium
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.