SynthesisFrontiers in neurology2025
Comparative efficacy of different modalities of transcranial magnetic stimulation for treating Parkinson's disease with depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with virtual reality improves quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease with depression.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. However, systematic comparisons of various transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) modalities for treating depression in patients with PD remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of different TMS modalities on depression in patients with PD. Methods: A systematic search following PRISMA guidelines was conducted in the following databases: Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and CBM, covering literature up to April 1, 2025. Included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating TMS interventions in PD patients with depression. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 (ROB 2.0) tool. Comparative effectiveness analysis was conducted using STATA 17.0. Results: A total of thirty-five RCTs involving 2,353 participants were included, evaluating high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) and low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) compared to sham stimulation and conventional rehabilitation therapy (CRT). The results showed that LF-rTMS [standardized mean difference (SMD) = -2.46, 95% confidence interval (-3.62, -1.29)], HF-rTMS [SMD = -2.05, 95% CI (-3.16, -0.94)] significantly improved depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The network meta-analysis indicates that both HF-rTMS and LF-rTMS may be considered as effective adjunctive therapy to improve depression in patients with PD, with LF-rTMS potentially showing superior efficacy in improving depressive symptoms. Parameters, such as total pulses no more than 1,200, may optimize outcomes. However, further high-quality RCTs are required to validate these findings and refine optimal treatment protocols. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024564867.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.