Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40823216›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2025

A decade of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine use in Lithuania: trends in invasive pneumococcal serotype dynamics.

Aurelija Petrutienė, Jekaterina Sinotova, Nijolė Pupienienė, Raminta Marcinonytė, Indrė Padvilikytė, Jelena Razmuk, Svajūnė Muralytė, Aistė Bulavaitė, Milda Plečkaitytė

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In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Aurelija PetrutienėDepartment of Bacteriology, National Public Health Surveillance Laboratory, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Jekaterina SinotovaDepartment of Bacteriology, National Public Health Surveillance Laboratory, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Nijolė PupienienėDepartment of Bacteriology, National Public Health Surveillance Laboratory, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Raminta MarcinonytėDepartment of Molecular Biology, National Public Health Surveillance Laboratory, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Indrė PadvilikytėDepartment of Molecular Biology, National Public Health Surveillance Laboratory, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Jelena RazmukDepartment of Molecular Biology, National Public Health Surveillance Laboratory, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Svajūnė MuralytėDepartment of Bacteriology, National Public Health Surveillance Laboratory, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Aistė BulavaitėInstitute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Milda PlečkaitytėInstitute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Materials and methods: A total of 1,190 invasive pneumococcal isolates collected during the pre-PCV10 (2010-2014) and post-PCV10 (2015-2024) periods were stored at the National Public Health Surveillance Laboratory and routinely serotyped using the Quellung reaction and multiplex PCR. We analyzed serotype distribution in the overall population and separately in children and adults, with the adult group further stratified into 18-64 and ≥65 years. Results: The number of invasive pneumococcal isolates significantly exceeded the annually reported IPD cases, indicating substantial underreporting in Lithuania. The proportion of PCV10 serotypes declined significantly in the overall population, decreasing from 50% in 2010-2014 to 20% in 2024 ( Conclusion: This is the first study in Lithuania to demonstrate that the childhood vaccination program reduced IPD caused by vaccine serotypes in children and unvaccinated adults through indirect protection. However, serotype replacement following PCV10 introduction likely contributed to the observed increase in non-vaccine serotype IPD cases among adults. Limitations in current IPD surveillance hinder the ability of Lithuanian health authorities to make timely, evidence-based decisions regarding the impact of PCVs. Strengthening surveillance systems is essential to inform and guide effective pneumococcal vaccination strategies.

Indexed as

Pneumococcal InfectionsPneumococcal VaccinesSerogroupStreptococcus pneumoniaeAdolescentAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansImmunization ProgramsInfantLithuaniaMaleMiddle Aged10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccinePneumococcal VaccinesVaccines, Conjugateinvasive pneumococcal diseasepneumococcal conjugate vaccineserotypeserotype replacementStreptococcus pneumoniaesurveillance

Identifiers

PMID40823216
PMCPMC12354657

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.