Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40823127›Full record

ArticleFood chemistry: X2025

Green technologies and chemometric analysis to optimize chlorogenic acid recovery from fennel processing waste.

Giulia Basile, Lucia De Luca, Martina Calabrese, Nunzia Iaccarino, Fabiana Pizzolongo, Enrico Maria Milito, Raffaele Sacchi, Raffaele Romano

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Food chemistry: X, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Giulia BasileDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, Portici, Italy.
Lucia De LucaDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, Portici, Italy.
Martina CalabreseDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, Portici, Italy.
Nunzia IaccarinoDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, Naples, Italy.
Fabiana PizzolongoDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, Portici, Italy.
Enrico Maria MilitoDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, Portici, Italy.
Raffaele SacchiDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, Portici, Italy.
Raffaele RomanoDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, Portici, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The recovery of bioactive compounds from food waste using green technologies aligns with green chemistry principles. This study compares chlorogenic acid extraction from fennel waste via ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The optimal conditions were identified by a Box-Behnken design with a response surface methodology. The results revealed the superior efficiency of MAE, likely because of the high fibre content in the matrix, which hinders UAE cavitation. This research highlights the potential of MAEs for creating bioactive-rich products from fennel waste, contributing to sustainable waste valorization practices.

Indexed as

Box–Behnken designMicrowave extractionPhenolic acidResponse surface methodologyUltrasound extraction

Identifiers

PMID40823127
PMCPMC12357316

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.