Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40822963›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025

Case Report: Whining toddler: could it be a serious illness.

Sandhya J Kadam, Archana Reddy Bongurala, Rishika Sharma, Anshuman Srivastava

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sandhya J KadamDepartment of Pediatrics, Family HealthCare Network, Visalia, CA, United States.
Archana Reddy BonguralaDepartment of Pediatrics, Omni Family Health, Bakersfield, CA, United States.
Rishika SharmaDepartment of Pediatrics, Family HealthCare Network, Visalia, CA, United States.
Anshuman SrivastavaDepartment of Pediatrics, Family HealthCare Network, Visalia, CA, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Children in the developing stages whine for a variety of reasons. It can serve as a way of communicating when they cannot express their needs or feelings verbally. They may whine to seek attention or to deal with discomfort and frustration, especially when they want something but aren't getting it quickly enough. Additionally, it can be a response to unfamiliar stress, lack of sleep, uncomfortable environment, conflicts with siblings, or separation anxiety. Whining is common in children, usually peaking in toddlers and preschoolers. Depending on how parents respond to the behavior, some children may continue to whine beyond this age. Whining can also occur in elderly patients, especially those with dementia, and may be triggered by physical pain, hunger, psychological distress, or overstimulation in their environment. Whining is usually considered a form of behavior and not a sign of illness. Ignoring it is one option recommended for dealing with it, but rarely, it could be made to signal danger, fear, pain, or some significant underlying illness. However, persistent, unexplained whining shouldn't be simply ignored. We present a case of Type 1 diabetes mellitus with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), where the primary symptom was whining in a toddler who required multiple visits to the clinic and emergency department before a diagnosis was made. Whining was not initially recognized as a severe indicator of illness in this patient. To our knowledge, this is the first reported instance of newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes mellitus with DKA in a child whose main complaint was whining.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Child, PreschoolHumansInfant Behavioranion gapdiabetic ketoacidosishyperglycemiaketoneslethargytoddlertype 1 diabetes mellituswhining

Identifiers

PMID40822963
PMCPMC12353719

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.