Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40822352›Full record

ArticleiScience2025

Deep representation learning of electrocardiogram reveals biological insights in cardiac phenotypes and cardiovascular diseases.

Ming Wai Yeung, Rutger R van de Leur, Jan Walter Benjamins, Melle B Vessies, Bram Ruijsink, Esther Puyol-Antón, J Peter van Tintelen, Niek Verweij, René van Es, Pim van der Harst

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ming Wai YeungUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.
Rutger R van de LeurDepartment of Cardiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Jan Walter BenjaminsUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.
Melle B VessiesDepartment of Cardiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Bram RuijsinkDepartment of Cardiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Esther Puyol-AntónSchool of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, Rayne Institute, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing St Thomas Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
J Peter van TintelenDepartment of Cardiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Niek VerweijUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.
René van EsDepartment of Cardiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Pim van der HarstUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Conventional approaches to analyzing electrocardiograms (ECG) in discrete parameters (such as the PR interval) ignored the high dimensionality of data omitted subtle but relevant information. We applied a variational auto-encoder to learn the underlying distributions of the ECG of 41,927 UK Biobank participants, generating 32-dimensional representation (latent factors). The latent factors showed correlations to conventional ECG parameters and strong associations to cardiac phenotypes estimated from magnetic resonance imaging. We found definitive associations of the latent factors to conduction, rhythm, and structural disorders (all

Indexed as

Artificial intelligenceCardiovascular medicine

Identifiers

PMID40822352
PMCPMC12356350

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.