Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40821862›Full record

ArticleRSC chemical biology2025

The impact of conjugation strategies and linker density on the performance of the Spermine-AcDex nanoparticle-splenocyte conjugate.

Yuchen Su, Ruoyu Cheng, Bowei Du, Mai O Soliman, Hongbo Zhang, Shiqi Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in RSC chemical biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yuchen SuDrug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki Finland shiqi.wang@helsinki.fi.
Ruoyu ChengDrug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki Finland shiqi.wang@helsinki.fi.
Bowei DuDrug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki Finland shiqi.wang@helsinki.fi.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-4063
Mai O SolimanDrug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki Finland shiqi.wang@helsinki.fi.
Hongbo ZhangPharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University Biocity (3rd fl.), Tykistökatu 6A 20520 Turku Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1071-4416
Shiqi WangDrug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki Finland shiqi.wang@helsinki.fi.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2010-0132

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A common approach in living medicine engineering is modifying cell surfaces with nanomedicines to form nanoparticle-cell conjugates. Despite various available strategies, limited research has examined how conjugation strategies affect the efficiency and stability of the delivery systems. Herein, we prepared polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) with protein payloads and modified them with different linkers. These NPs were conjugated to primary splenocytes using either covalent or electrostatic interactions, followed by flow cytometry analysis to evaluate the conjugating efficiency and stability. The results demonstrated that electrostatic interactions were more effective in achieving conjugation, whereas covalent interactions provided greater stability. Furthermore, the linker density on the nanoparticle surface also affected the stability. After three days of

Identifiers

PMID40821862
PMCPMC12352615

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.