Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40821430›Full record

ArticleJournal of open psychology data2025

Data from the Effects of Congruent and Incongruent Perceptual Cues on Middle Schoolers' Mathematical Performance, Learning, and Retention Study.

Erin Ottmar, Puyuan Zhang, Ji-Eun Lee, Jeffrey K Bye, Maegan A Colbert, Alena Egorova, Shuqi Yu, Avery H Closser, Caroline Byrd Hornburg

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of open psychology data, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Erin OttmarDepartment of Social Science and Policy Studies, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, US.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9487-7967
Puyuan ZhangDepartment of Social Science and Policy Studies, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, US.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3217-2870
Ji-Eun LeeDepartment of Social Science and Policy Studies, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, US.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8521-8997
Jeffrey K ByeDepartment of Psychology, California State University, Dominguez Hills, US.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-3657
Maegan A ColbertDepartment of Human Development and Family Science, Virginia Tech, US.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0456-3767
Alena EgorovaDepartment of Social Science and Policy Studies, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, US.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4577-9615
Shuqi YuDepartment of Human Development and Family Science, Virginia Tech, US.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-8876
Avery H ClosserSchool of Teaching and Learning, University of Florida, US.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2712-8509
Caroline Byrd HornburgDepartment of Human Development and Family Science, Virginia Tech, US.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9563-859X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper presents datasets for a research project that investigated the individual and combined effects of two perceptual cues-spacing and color-under varying conditions of congruence with the order of operations. The datasets contain 1,100 6th-grade students' data collected through a randomized controlled trial conducted in 2024 in a U.S. school district. All de-identified intervention data are openly available on the Open Science Framework. Additional datasets, including student demographics and assessment data, require a data sharing agreement. The data can be used by researchers interested in understanding perceptual learning mechanisms and improving online instructional materials for middle school mathematics.

Indexed as

Mathematics learningMiddle schoolPerceptual cuesProblem solvingRandomized controlled trial

Identifiers

PMID40821430
PMCPMC12352379

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.