Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40820086›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Mycobiome of low maintenance iconic landscape plant boxwood under repeated treatments of contact and systemic fungicides.

Xiaoping Li, Ginger Hemmings, Olanike Omolehin, Hsien Tzer Tseng, Amanda Taylor, Chad Taylor, Ping Kong, Fred Gouker, Chuanxue Hong

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xiaoping LiSchool of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, USA. xbl5418@psu.edu.
Ginger HemmingsNorth Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Plant Industry Division, Dobson, NC, 27017, USA.
Olanike OmolehinSchool of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, USA.
Hsien Tzer TsengNorth Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Plant Industry, Raleigh, NC, 27699, USA.
Amanda TaylorNorth Carolina University Cooperative Extension, Morganton, NC, 28655, USA.
Chad TaylorNorth Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Plant Industry Division, Boone, NC, 28607, USA.
Ping KongSchool of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, USA.
Fred GoukerFloral and Nursery Plants Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
Chuanxue HongSchool of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, USA.

Funding

National Institute of Food and Agriculture 2020-51181-32135
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Boxwood, a low-maintenance landscape plant, has been plagued by diseases in recent years, and fungicide protection is now indispensable for its healthcare. The objective of present study was to determine how fungicide chemistry and repeated application may affect phyllosphere mycobiome. Three fungicides-Daconil (chlorothalonil, contact chemistry), Banner Maxx (propiconazole, systemic chemistry), and Concert II (a combination of both chemistries)-were first applied on April 12 then repeated at 2- and 3-week intervals, product dependent. Shoots from Buxus sempervirens 'Vardar Valley' were sampled immediately before, 1, 7 and 14 days after fungicide application on May 26 and August 25. As determined by amplicon sequencing, fungal community composition differed between shoot surface and internal tissue, with the former being dominated by Cladosporium and the latter by Shiraia species. Fungicide applications strongly affected epiphytic fungal community diversity, structure, and many functional groups. Daconil and Concert II suppressed greater numbers of epiphytes than Banner Maxx. Many epiphytic genera became less sensitive to Daconil treatment in August. This study provided the first mycobiome evidence supporting boxwood as a low-maintenance plant and demonstrating fungicide resistance to a multisite chemistry due to repeated applications. It also helped understand boxwood rising health issues associated with increasing fungicide use.

Indexed as

FungiFungicides, IndustrialMycobiomePlant DiseasesTriazolesFungicides, IndustrialpropiconazoleTriazolesAgrochemicalBoxwoodDisease managementNanopore MinION sequencingPhytobiomesSystems approach

Identifiers

PMID40820086
PMCPMC12358565

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.