Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40819875›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Kun-Qi birth cohort (KQBC) study for the incidence, aetiology and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in Chinese children: a cohort profile.

Yiwen Shen, Tianyi Liu, Jiaojiao Liu, Xia Han, Juanjuan Wu, Li Xie, Xingdong Chen, Biao Xu, Yinghua Sun, Suxiang Xu and 14 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06018831 (Urine and Ultrasound Screening for Kidney Disease in Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06018831 narecruitingnot on this map

Urine and Ultrasound Screening for Kidney Disease in Children

TypeinterventionalSponsorChildren's Hospital of Fudan UniversityRan2022 to 2028Enrolled13,000ConditionsKidney Diseases, Diagnostic Techniques, Ultrasound, UrinalysisArmsUrine and Ultrasound Screening
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Yiwen Shen *Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Tianyi Liu *Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Jiaojiao LiuDepartment of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Xia HanChildren's Hospital of Fudan University at Kunshan, Kunshan Women's and Children's Health Hospital, Kunshan, China.
Juanjuan WuChildren's Hospital of Fudan University at Qidong, Qidong Women's and Children's Health Hospital, Qidong, China.
Li XieClinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xingdong ChenState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Biao XuDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8695-7396
Yinghua SunDepartment of Ultrasonography, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Suxiang XuChildren's Hospital of Fudan University at Kunshan, Kunshan Women's and Children's Health Hospital, Kunshan, China.
Qinyi ZhangChildren's Hospital of Fudan University at Kunshan, Kunshan Women's and Children's Health Hospital, Kunshan, China.
Na XieChildren's Hospital of Fudan University at Kunshan, Kunshan Women's and Children's Health Hospital, Kunshan, China.
Linlin ZhangChildren's Hospital of Fudan University at Qidong, Qidong Women's and Children's Health Hospital, Qidong, China.
Jianfeng JiChildren's Hospital of Fudan University at Kunshan, Kunshan Women's and Children's Health Hospital, Kunshan, China.
Weizhi MoChildren's Hospital of Fudan University at Kunshan, Kunshan Women's and Children's Health Hospital, Kunshan, China.
Yuanxin LiuDepartment of Ultrasonography, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Xinghua ShiChildren's Hospital of Fudan University at Qidong, Qidong Women's and Children's Health Hospital, Qidong, China.
Jun ShenChildren's Hospital of Fudan University at Qidong, Qidong Women's and Children's Health Hospital, Qidong, China.
Wanshan QiuChildren's Hospital of Fudan University at Qidong, Qidong Women's and Children's Health Hospital, Qidong, China.
Jian HuangChildren's Hospital of Fudan University at Kunshan, Kunshan Women's and Children's Health Hospital, Kunshan, China.
Qian ShenDepartment of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Yihui ZhaiDepartment of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China yhzhai@fudan.edu.cn hxu@shmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-5538
Hong XuDepartment of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China yhzhai@fudan.edu.cn hxu@shmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7617-0872
KQBC group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe Kun-Qi birth cohort (KQBC) was established to investigate the incidence, aetiology and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in early childhood (0-6 years). Additionally, the study analysed developmental phenotypic trajectories and their associated paediatric diseases.

participantsInfants registered or residing in Kunshan and Qidong, Jiangsu Province, who participated in the Chinese Child Healthcare Programme (0-6 years) were enrolled. The baseline population was stratified into enhanced and basic cohorts. General characteristics, periconceptional and perinatal information and health check-up data were collected from each participant. Dual screening (urinary ultrasound and urine dipstick tests) was conducted during scheduled check-ups. Structured CKD questionnaires were administered, and biosamples (urine and dried blood spots) were obtained for the long-term storage and analysis using standard procedures. Based on the proposed referral procedure, participants with abnormal results were referred for further diagnosis and evaluation. FINDINGS TO DATE: The KQBC enrolled 10 127 infants (5392 boys and 4735 girls) with a mean age of 2.11±1.68 months. Urinary system ultrasound and urine dipstick screening showed positivity rates of 8.9% (900/10 083) and 6.5% (532/8233), respectively. Baseline ultrasound screening facilitated timely surgical intervention in six children. Among the 7965 respondents, only 13% demonstrated awareness of paediatric CKD. Additionally, 7273 dried blood spots and 7990 urine specimens were collected and stored. A paediatric CKD screening platform was developed. FUTURE PLANS: According to our plan, the KQBC will be followed up for 3-6 years to investigate the incidence, aetiology and risk factors of early onset CKD. In-depth developmental phenotypes, such as urinary multiomics and ultrasound imaging, should be studied for longitudinal paediatric kidney health. We aim to develop multimodal risk prediction models by integrating genomics and artificial intelligence algorithms. The KQBC also enables prospective cohort studies addressing extensive research questions. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT06018831.

Indexed as

Renal Insufficiency, ChronicChildChild, PreschoolChinaCohort StudiesEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansIncidenceInfantInfant, NewbornMaleRisk FactorsChildCommunity child healthPaediatric nephrologyPUBLIC HEALTH

Identifiers

PMID40819875
PMCPMC12359510

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.