Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40819302›Full record

ArticleNeural regeneration research2026

Heterogeneity of the adult mammalian forebrain neurogenic ependyma: A comprehensive cellular map.

Xuejiao Yang, Yuchen Mu, Qianxiang Wu, Liqiang Zhou, Orion R Fan, Quan Lin, Wenmin Zhu, Yi Eve Sun

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neural regeneration research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Xuejiao YangShanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yuchen MuShanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Qianxiang WuShanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Liqiang ZhouShanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Orion R FanShanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Quan LinDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Wenmin ZhuShanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yi Eve SunShanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1272-3295

Funding

UCLA IDDRC: Translational CoreP50HD103557 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI SUSAN Y BOOKHEIMER · 2020 to 2026
$9.6M
NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD103557
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202606000-00059/figure1/v/2026-02-11T151048Z/r/image-tiff The presence or absence of adult neural stem cells in the mammalian forebrain ependyma has been debated for two decades. In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate the cellular composition of the ependymal surface of the adult mouse forebrain using whole mounts of lateral walls of lateral ventricles. We identified 12 different cell subtypes in the ependymal surface. Immunocytochemical analyses revealed that CD133 + multi-ciliated cells comprised 67.6% of ependymal cells, while the remaining 32.4% were CD133 - . CD133 + ependymal cells can be further classified into FOXJ1 + /SOX2 + /ACTA2 + cells, FLT1 + /CD31 + /CLDN5 + endothelial-like cells, and PDGFRB + /VTN + /NG2 + pericyte-like cells, as well as endothelial-pericyte-like cells and Foxj1+ endothelial-like cells. CD133 - ependymal cells can be further divided into endothelial-like cells, Foxj1+ ependymal cells, Foxj1+ endothelial-like cells, pericyte-like cells, endothelial-pericyte-like cells, VIM + cells, and cells negative for all of these markers. This comprehensive profiling confirms the heterogeneity of the ependymal surface in the adult mouse forebrain. Debate regarding whether adult ependymal cells contain neural stem cells has arisen because different researchers have examined different populations of ependymal cells. Our study provides a new perspective for investigation of clinical endogenous neural stem cells, ultimately paving the way for stem cell therapies in neurological diseases.

Indexed as

endothelial-like cellsependymal cellsheterogeneityimmunocytochemical analyseslateral ventriclesneural repairneural stem cellsneurogenicpericyte-like cellssingle-cell RNA sequencing

Identifiers

PMID40819302
PMCPMC13211782

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.