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ArticleTrials2025

Optimizing a community-based intervention to improve help-seeking for depression care: study protocol for a randomized factorial trial.

Nagendra P Luitel, Brandon A Kohrt, Bishnu Lamichhane, Anvita Bhardwaj, Kamal Gautam, Mark Jd Jordans

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06574074 (Optimizing a Community-based Intervention to Improve Help-seeking for Depression Care in Morang District of Nepal), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06574074 naactive not recruitingnot on this map

Optimizing a Community-based Intervention to Improve Help-seeking for Depression Care in Morang District of Nepal

TypeinterventionalSponsorTranscultural Psychosocial Organization NepalRan2024 to 2024Enrolled286ConditionsHelp-Seeking Behavior, DepressionArmsGain-Life (Give informAtIoN to transform Life)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Nagendra P LuitelResearch Department, Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal. luitelnp@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8291-0205
Brandon A KohrtResearch Department, Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-4820
Bishnu LamichhaneResearch Department, Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Anvita BhardwajDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5622-9128
Kamal GautamResearch Department, Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9401-9359
Mark Jd JordansResearch Department, Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5925-8039

Funding

Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 222001_Z_20_Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDepression is a common mental health issue that can be effectively managed in primary and community health care settings. However, there is a significant gap between the number of individuals in need of care and those who actually receive treatment, with the greatest gap in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although efforts have been made in LMICs to improve access to mental health services by addressing supply-side barriers, there has been less attention to demand-side obstacles. On the demand side, factors such as stigma, negative attitudes, and limited awareness of available services lead to underutilization of mental health services. This protocol describes a study of active ingredients of a community-based intervention aimed at enhancing help-seeking for depression care in Nepal, a LMIC with low rates of mental health treatment seeking.

methodsThe study will take place in two municipalities in eastern Nepal, utilizing the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) with a 2 × 3 factorial randomized controlled trial design. Female Community Health Volunteers will be trained to identify individuals with depression using the Community Informant Detection Tool, a proven community-based strategy for proactive case detection, and subsequently implement the Gain Life intervention, which aims to promote help-seeking for depression care. The Gain Life intervention comprises four components: (i) information about depression, (ii) awareness of available services, (iii) stigma reduction by dispelling myths and facts about depression, and (iv) a life transformation story. The study will target the adult population, with eligibility criteria including being 18 years or older, residing in specific municipalities, meeting the CIDT threshold for depression, providing consent, and having proficiency in Nepali. The sample size will be 288, with the primary outcome being help-seeking behaviour. DISCUSSION: In this protocol paper, we outline how the MOST framework can optimize a community-based intervention aimed at improving help-seeking for depression care. The findings from this study will guide decisions on whether to proceed with a fully randomized controlled trial or conduct an additional optimization study to finalize the intervention components.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT06574074. Registered on 27 August 2024.

Indexed as

Community Health WorkersCommunity Mental Health ServicesDepressionHelp-Seeking BehaviorPatient Acceptance of Health CareFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansNepalRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSocial StigmaCommunity interventionDepressionHelp-seekingMultiphase optimization strategyNepal

Identifiers

PMID40819070
PMCPMC12358067

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.