Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40817952›Full record

ArticleBiomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology2025

Finite element analysis of bone remodeling induced by swelling anchors considering heterogeneous properties.

Amirreza Sadighi, Mehrangiz Taheri, Nolan Black, Jordan Stolle, Moein Taghvaei, Madeline Boyes, Sorin Siegler, Thomas P Schaer, Ahmad R Najafi

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In one paragraph

Article in Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Amirreza SadighiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Mehrangiz TaheriDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Nolan BlackDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Jordan StolleDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Moein TaghvaeiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Madeline BoyesDepartment of Clinical Studies New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA, 19348, USA.
Sorin SieglerDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Thomas P SchaerDepartment of Clinical Studies New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA, 19348, USA.
Ahmad R NajafiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. arn55@drexel.edu.

Funding

Pennsylvania Manufacturing Innovation Program Grant 4000027724
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study explored the biomechanical behavior of co-polymeric swelling bone anchors and their bone remodeling induction using finite element analysis of a model with heterogeneous properties. First, a hygro-elastic finite element framework was developed to capture the swelling of the bone anchors over time by moisture gain, validated against the data from free swelling experiments. Afterward, finite element models were developed using micro-CT data to capture heterogeneous material properties, and finally, bone remodeling induced by the swelling, acting as a mechanical stimulus, was investigated. The study examined three co-polymeric ratios of methyl methacrylate and acrylic acid (MMA/AA)-80/20, 85/15, and 90/10-and assessed the impact of their associated swelling ratios on bone remodeling and fixation strength. Moreover, in parallel with the numerical investigations, an in vivo study using a sheep model was conducted to evaluate the biocompatibility of these anchors and bone remodeling response to the swelling. The numerical findings highlighted the importance of optimizing swelling ratios to enhance mechanical engagement without causing adverse resorption. More specifically, the results demonstrated that bone regeneration in the region of interest is highly sensitive to the swelling ratio. When the swelling is maintained within an optimal range-such as in the 85/15 composition-favorable densification occurs at the bone-implant interface, enhancing osteointegration. In contrast, excessive swelling (e.g., the 80/20 composition) induces localized overload resorption due to elevated stress concentrations at the interface, which may compromise implant success. Additionally, correlations found between the numerical and in vivo study outcomes supported the notion of an optimal swelling threshold and confirmed the predictive capabilities of the developed hygro-elastic finite element framework. To underscore the importance of favorable bone remodeling in the interface, a push-out study was performed to analyze the fixation strength prior and subsequent to bone remodeling. The significant difference in push-out forces before and after remodeling demonstrates that bone densification at the interface can substantially enhance fixation strength.

Indexed as

Bone RemodelingFinite Element AnalysisAnimalsBiomechanical PhenomenaSheepStress, MechanicalX-Ray MicrotomographyBone remodelingCo-polymeric swelling bone anchorsHeterogeneous propertiesHygroscopic swellingOsteointegration

Identifiers

PMID40817952
PMCPMC12618450

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.