Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40817138›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Development of a preclinical X-rays minibeam Monte Carlo treatment planning system.

Stefano Pizzardi, Lisa Alborghetti, Federica Vurro, Maria Assunta Lacavalla, Macrina Milani Capialbi, Paolo Milani, Francesco Cavaliere, Claudio Fiorino, Antonello E Spinelli

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Stefano PizzardiIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Experimental Imaging Center, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Lisa AlborghettiIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Experimental Imaging Center, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Federica VurroIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Experimental Imaging Center, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Maria Assunta LacavallaIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Experimental Imaging Center, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Macrina Milani CapialbiIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Experimental Imaging Center, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Paolo MilaniPhysics Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Francesco CavalierePhysics Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Claudio FiorinoIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Medical Physics Department, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Antonello E SpinelliIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Experimental Imaging Center, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy. spinelli.antonello@hsr.it.

Funding

Ministero della Salute PNRR-POC-2022-1237606
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Minibeam Radiation Therapy (MBRT) delivers spatially fractionated beams, generating alternating high-dose peaks and low-dose valleys, with potential benefits in tumor control and normal tissue sparing. This study presents the development of a Monte Carlo (MC) Treatment Planning System (TPS) for preclinical MBRT, preceded by an investigation of various collimator configurations and a comparison of MC simulations with experimental data. Multiple simulations were conducted to evaluate different combinations of attenuator materials (lead, tungsten) and spacer materials (PMMA, air), as well as various slit widths (0.5-1 mm). Among the tested configurations, tungsten and PMMA emerged as the most suitable materials. As expected, the peak-to-valley dose ratio (PVDR) decreased with depth, while the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) slightly increased. Fluka and Topas simulations showed good agreement with experimental measurements from gafchromic MDV3 films. A MC-based TPS was implemented to compute dose distributions in mice using CT data and to extract key dosimetric parameters, including PVDR and FWHM. Simulations were performed for a subcutaneous glioblastoma tumor as a case study. Within the tumor volume, the TPS estimated PVDR values ranging from 27 to 16 and a depth-dependent FWHM increase of about 5%. This system provides a robust platform for preclinical MBRT research, supporting treatment planning and delivery optimization.

Indexed as

Monte Carlo MethodRadiotherapy Planning, Computer-AssistedAnimalsHumansMiceRadiotherapy DosageX-RaysFlukaMinibeam collimatorMinibeam radiation therapyMonte Carlo simulationTopasTreatment planning system

Identifiers

PMID40817138
PMCPMC12356841

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.