Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40817121›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Tunnel-structured IrO

Mingcheng Zhang, Wei An, Qianqian Liu, Yuzhu Jiang, Xiao Zhao, Hui Chen, Yongcun Zou, Xiao Liang, Xiaoxin Zou

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Buffering the Active State for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026
    Review
  2. Linking Synthetic Materials Chemistry to Electrocatalytic Performance.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026
    Review
  3. ZrOChemical science · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mingcheng ZhangState Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Wei AnState Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Qianqian LiuState Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Yuzhu JiangState Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Xiao ZhaoKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8183-8205
Hui ChenState Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7113-0206
Yongcun ZouState Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Xiao LiangState Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China. liangxiao@jlu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-8068-4109
Xiaoxin ZouState Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China. xxzou@jlu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4143-9274

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22179046National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22205072
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers face challenges due to high iridium loading and sluggish oxygen evolution reaction kinetics when using conventional rutile-structured iridium oxide nanocatalysts. Here we find that iridium oxide catalysts with a specific tunnel-type crystal structure exhibit highly localized reactivity, where regions at tunnel mouths drive oxygen evolution far more efficiently than tunnel-wall regions. The intrinsic activity of tunnel mouths is 25-fold higher than that of tunnel walls, with shorter nanorods achieving a better balance between active site exposure and electron/mass transport efficiency. When implemented in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers, this engineered catalyst achieves notable performance at low iridium loading (0.28 mg

Identifiers

PMID40817121
PMCPMC12356887

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.