ReviewEcotoxicology and environmental safety2025
Endocrine disruption to metastasis: How phthalates promote breast carcinogenesis.
Review in Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Environmental endocrine disruptors in cardio-oncology: emerging modifiers of cardiovascular vulnerability in patients with cancer.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles and Endocrine Disruption: How Environmental Pollutants Modulate the Loading and Release of Extracellular Vesicles for Cancer Promotion and Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leading cause of death in women worldwide. Data suggests that hereditary factors only account for 5-10 % of breast cancer incidence, resulting in increased concern regarding the carcinogenicity involved with environmental and lifestyle-related factors. Among these, phthalates - ubiquitous endocrine disrupting chemicals founds in plastics, cosmetics, and food packaging - pose a growing concern. Human exposure to phthalates occurs through ingestion, inhalation, dermal contact, and critical windows such as intrauterine development. As an endocrine-responsive organ, the breast is particularly susceptible to disruption by these compounds. This review highlights emerging evidence linking phthalate exposure to the initiation, progression, and metastasis of breast cancer. This comprehensive overview of carcinogenesis-promoting mechanisms of phthalates, involving estrogen receptor signaling, oncogenic pathway activation, promotion of cancer stemness, and induction of therapy resistance, will provide crucial insights into phthalate-driven mechanisms in breast cancer that can inform future research directions, public health strategies, and regulatory efforts aimed at mitigating environmental cancer risks.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.