Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40814877›Full record

ReviewMini reviews in medicinal chemistry2026

Progress in Heterocyclic Hybrids for Breast Cancer Therapy: Emerging Trends, Hybridization Techniques, Mechanistic Pathways and SAR Insights.

Akhilesh Gangwar, Agnidipta Das, Vikas Jaitak

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In one paragraph

Review in Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Akhilesh GangwarDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, India.
Agnidipta DasDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, India.
Vikas JaitakDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionBreast cancer is a widespread and life-threatening disease. While FDAapproved anti-BC drugs have improved survival rates, issues like drug resistance and adverse effects highlight the need for new therapeutic options. Molecular hybridization, a modern drug discovery strategy, combines different pharmacophores or frameworks into a single molecule to enhance pharmacological activity and improve treatment outcomes. Hybridizing two or more heterocyclic moieties has become a promising approach in anti-cancer drug discovery.

methodsThis article reviews the role of heterocyclic hybrids in BC therapy, based on literature from 1995 to 2024 available in PubMed. Key heterocyclic hybrids, pyrimidine, triazole, indole, coumarin, beta-carboline, azepine, isoquinoline, benzoxepine, and platinum-core hybrids were included.

resultsTriazole, in particular, was found to be a highly effective scaffold for BC treatment when combined with indole, pyridazinone, and steroid pharmacophores. DISCUSSION: The article discusses novel molecular hybridization strategies, current BC treatment options, clinical studies, key functional groups, anti-apoptotic mechanisms, and protein-ligand interactions. Structure-activity relationships are explored to highlight desirable pharmacophoric features, aiding in the development of more effective BC therapies.

conclusionEach heterocyclic hybrid class of BC comprises some salient features and potentials, which may be further investigated to obtain novel effective heterocyclic hybrid molecules in BC therapy.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsBreast NeoplasmsHeterocyclic CompoundsFemaleHumansStructure-Activity RelationshipAntineoplastic AgentsHeterocyclic CompoundsBCclinical trialsheterocyclicinhibitory activityMolecular hybridizationSAR analysis

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.