ArticleBMC public health2025
E-cigarette use and susceptibility among Indonesian youth: the role of social environment, social media, and individual factors.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Navigating regulatory challenges: a cross-sectional survey of vaping and smoking behaviours among university students in Yunnan, China.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Smoking determinants and exhaled CO as an indicator of smoking intensity among Indonesian students: evidence from a school-based prevention program.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The mediating role of relative harm perception in the association between social media marketing exposure-engagement patterns and e-cigarette use behaviors: A cross-sectional study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundYouth behavior is significantly influenced by their social environment and social media (SM). Susceptibility to e-cigarette use, defined as the likelihood of initiating e-cigarette use among non-users, is a critical early marker for prevention efforts. This study explores the interplay of social environment, SM marketing exposure, and individual traits in e-cigarette use and susceptibility among Indonesian youth, addressing a gap in non-Western contexts.
methodsA school-based online survey of 1,600 Indonesian youth aged 15-24, conducted from March to August 2023 in Jakarta, Yogyakarta and East Kalimantan, assessed e-cigarette use, susceptibility, and predictors, including social environment, SM marketing exposure, and sensation-seeking behavior. Structural equation modeling and multinomial regression were used to analyze associations.
resultsApproximately 13.3% of students reported using e-cigarettes in the past 30 days, and 6.7-10.1% of non-users were susceptible to experimenting with e-cigarettes. Boys were significantly more likely than girls to be current (OR = 6.67, 95% CI [3.05-14.57]) and ever e-cigarette users (OR = 2.92, 95% CI [2.10-4.06]). Sensation-seeking (OR = 2.19, 95% CI [1.83-2.62]), e-cigarette use by horizontal family member (OR = 1.39, 95% CI [1.10-1.53]), number of friends using e-cigarettes (OR = 1.20, 95% CI [1.17-1.23]), and exposure to e-cigarette advertisements on Instagram and TikTok (OR = 1.35, 95% CI [1.20-1.53]) were significant predictors of current use. Among non-users, boys reported higher susceptibility to e-cigarette use than girls (β = 0.20, p <.01). Sensation seeking (β = 0.24, p <.01) and the number of friends using e-cigarettes (β = 0.22, p <.01) were directly associated with susceptibility. Sex-specific patterns were observed: maternal and sisters' e-cigarette use were associated with increased susceptibility among girls (r =.11, p =.002; r =.17, p <.001), while grandfathers' use was linked to higher susceptibility among boys (r =.21, p <.001). Notably, TikTok exposure was uniquely associated with greater susceptibility among girls (r =.08, p =.023).
conclusionsSM, peers, and family significantly shape youth e-cigarette-related behavior. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, including banning e-cigarette advertising on SM, promoting peer-driven prevention strategies, and leveraging SM for educational campaigns to reduce youth e-cigarette use.
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