Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40813637›Full record

ArticleBMC geriatrics2025

Elements of burden among informal caregivers of community-dwelling older adults receiving home care nursing: a cross-sectional study on health status, well-being, and gender differences.

Sirry Sif Sigurlaugardottir, Sigurveig H Sigurdardottir, Thor Aspelund, Kristin Bjornsdottir, Magnus Jegermalm, Kjartan Olafsson, Ingibjorg Hjaltadottir

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In one paragraph

Article in BMC geriatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sirry Sif SigurlaugardottirFaculty of Social Work, University of Iceland, Gimli, Sæmundargata 10, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland. sirrysif@hi.is.
Sigurveig H SigurdardottirFaculty of Social Work, University of Iceland, Gimli, Sæmundargata 10, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Thor AspelundFaculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmýrarvegur 16, 101, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Kristin BjornsdottirFaculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Iceland, Eirberg, Eiríksgata 34, 101, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Magnus JegermalmDepartment of Social Sciences, Marie Cederschiöld University, Box 11189, 100 61, Stockholm, Sweden.
Kjartan OlafssonSocial Science Research Institute, University of Iceland, Gimli, Sæmundargata 10, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Ingibjorg HjaltadottirFaculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Iceland, Eirberg, Eiríksgata 34, 101, Reykjavík, Iceland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWith increasing longevity, more caregiving responsibilities fall on fewer family members, potentially impacting their well-being. This study investigates the health status, well-being, and elements of burden among informal caregivers of community-dwelling older adults receiving home care nursing in Iceland, including how burden may be related to well-being, gendered differences, and the complex nature of caregiving.

methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in four municipalities. Informal caregivers completed a self-report questionnaire on their caring situation, health, and well-being. Correlation and regression analyses examined relationships between caregiver characteristics, burden, and well-being.

resultsA total of 483 informal caregivers participated, with an average age of 61 years (SD = 12, range: 25-95), 165 men (34.2%) and 318 women (65.8%). The average age of care recipients was 84 years (SD = 7, range: 66-100). Women reported higher levels of stress (80.4% vs. 73% of men) and scored higher on both the Multifaceted Strain Scale (7.43 vs. 4.95, scale 0-19) and the Role Overload Scale (1.00 vs. 0.64, scale 0-4). Score on the Caregiver Well-Being Index had positive correlations with the Multifaceted Strain Scale (ρ = 0.57, p < 0.001) and caregiver decreased social participation (ρ = 0.44, p < 0.001). Regression results showed that a lesser feeling of having a good life (β = 0.22, p < 0.001), the caregiver's self-perception of burden (β = 0.20, p < 0.05) and score on the Multifaceted Strain Scale (β = 0.08, p < 0.001) significantly predicted caregiver well-being, with the full model explaining 41% of the variance in caregiver well-being.

conclusionsCaregiver burden is a multidimensional construct with significant implications for caregiver well-being. Key predictors of reduced well-being include self-perceived burden, multifaceted strain, and a diminished sense of life satisfaction. Gender differences were notable, with women reporting higher levels of strain and role overload. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive and gender-sensitive support strategies. Addressing social, financial, physical, and psychological challenges may help improve caregiver well-being and, in turn, the quality of care delivered to older adults.

Indexed as

CaregiversCost of IllnessHealth StatusHome Care ServicesHome NursingIndependent LivingSex CharacteristicsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIcelandMaleMiddle AgedCaregiver burdenCaregiver well-beingElements of burdenGender differencesInformal caregiverInformal caregiving

Identifiers

PMID40813637
PMCPMC12351869

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.