ArticleDiscover oncology2025
SARS-CoV-2 infection heightens the risk of developing HPV-related carcinoma in situ and cancer.
Article in Discover oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer Biology: Exploring the Mechanistic Links.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Role of COVID-19 in the persistence of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus: a non-randomized retrospective study.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Hypothesis: HPV E6 and COVID spike proteins cooperate in targeting tumor suppression by p53.Oncotarget · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study aims to investigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on HPV-related cancer and carcinoma in situ.
methodWe utilized data from TriNetX, a database encompassing 106 healthcare organizations spanning 15 countries and comprising information from over 124 million participants. Propensity score matching was utilized to compare two cohorts: SARS-CoV-2 infection and non- SARS-CoV-2 infection groups. The cohorts consisted of females aged 18-90 with no previous history of HPV-related cancers before SARS-CoV-2 infection in 2020 and no HPV vaccine before 2020. We utilized Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were performed based on age and race to validate the findings.
resultsThe study included a total of 4,872,295 patients, with 1,281,997 in the SARS-CoV-2 infection group and 3,590,298 in the non-infection group. After propensity score matching, both groups comprised 1,281,997 patients each. Over a 3-year follow-up period, individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection had significantly higher risks of developing HPV-related cancers compared to those without infection: a 67% increase in cervical cancer, 131% in vaginal cancer, 98% in vulvar cancer, 92% in anal cancer, and 78% in oropharyngeal cancer. Similar trends were observed for carcinoma in situ, with increased risks of 34% for cervical, 61% for vaginal, 74% for vulvar, 96% for anal, and 78% for oropharyngeal carcinoma in situ. Subgroup analyses stratified by age and race demonstrated consistent results.
conclusionSARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with elevated risks of HPV-related carcinoma in situ and cancer, irrespective of age or race. The findings underscore the importance of understanding the interplay between viral infections and cancer development, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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