Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40810613›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics2026

Impact of abnormal cesarean section scar formation on quality of life and postpartum depression: A cross-sectional study in Japan.

Yosuke Sugita, Hiroaki Komatsu, Chisato Kodera, Daichi Urushiyama, Naosuke Enomoto, Sumito Nagasaki, Tamami Odai, Tokumasa Suemitsu, Yohei Onodera, Yoshihiko Hosokawa and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Impact of abnormal cesarean section scar formation on quality of life and postpartum depression: A cross-sectional study in Japan.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yosuke SugitaJapanese Red Cross Tokyo Katsushika Perinatal Center, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8072-2676
Hiroaki KomatsuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University School of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4507-6848
Chisato KoderaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8091-0001
Daichi UrushiyamaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0323-7276
Naosuke EnomotoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mie Chuo Medical Center, Mie, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4914-4326
Sumito NagasakiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3007-5295
Tamami OdaiDepartment of Women's Health, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Tokumasa SuemitsuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9600-8450
Yohei OnoderaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Yoshihiko HosokawaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Miyazaki Prefectural Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9960-8301
Rei OgawaDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine the prevalence of abnormal scar formation after cesarean section and evaluate its effects on quality of life (QoL) and postpartum depression risk.

methodsA nationwide cross-sectional study of 991 women aged 18-45 years at 6-18 months post-cesarean section was conducted in Japan. Participants completed validated measures of scar assessment (Dermatology Life Quality Index [DLQI]) and postpartum depression risk (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS]).

resultsAmong participants, 66.0% Abnormal scarring has been reported to occur more frequently in Asian and Black populations than in White populations, consistent with previous epidemiological studies. (654/991) developed abnormal scars (64.4% hypertrophic, 1.6% keloid). The abnormal scar group showed significantly higher DLQI scores, indicating worse QoL (median 1, interquartile range 0-2 vs median 0, interquartile range 0-1; P < 0.001). Women with keloid formation showed elevated EPDS scores, indicating higher depression risk.

conclusionAbnormal scar formation is highly prevalent, abnormal scars impair maternal quality of life, and keloid formation is linked to an increased risk of postpartum depression.

Indexed as

Cesarean SectionCicatrixDepression, PostpartumKeloidQuality of LifeAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansJapanMiddle AgedPregnancyPrevalenceYoung Adultabnormal scarcesarean sectionhypertrophic scarkeloidpostpartum depressionquality of life

Identifiers

PMID40810613
PMCPMC12790675

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.