ArticleSleep2026
Narcolepsy type 2 is an unstable diagnosis and idiopathic hypersomnia has the potential for remission-long-term and cross-sectional observations from the Bern Sleep-Wake Registry.
Article in Sleep, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Machine Learning for Diagnosis and Differentiation of Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence: A Systematic Review.European journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Polysomnographic and Clinical Characteristics of Narcolepsy in Saudi Arabia:Saudi medical journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Glymphatic dysfunction and its association with clinical symptom severity in narcolepsy type 1: a case-control DTI-ALPS study.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Narcolepsy: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Future Directions, a Narrative Review.Brain and behavior · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesThe boundaries between narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) and the evolution of these diseases over time are poorly understood. This retrospective cohort single-center study with a cross-sectional follow-up aims to assess changes of diagnosis and test findings over time.
methodsRetrospective and cross-sectional data collection: We assessed demographic characteristics, symptoms, sleep-wake tests, and diagnosis changes in patients with NT1, NT2, or IH seen at the Bern Sleep-Wake Epilepsy center between 2000 and 2021. In addition, we obtained information about changes in symptoms and diagnosis by contacting patients seen between 2005 and 2017 by telephone. The two data sources were combined to analyze the frequency of diagnosis changes.
resultsA total of 214 patients (NT1 n = 122, NT2 n = 37, IH n = 55) were included. In 17% (30/179) of patients with follow-up, the diagnosis changed during the observational period. The most unstable diagnosis was NT2 (17/30, 57%), most commonly transitioning to NT1 (n = 5) and IH (n = 9). Five patients with IH went into remission. NT1 was mostly stable (104/107). We confirmed a poor retest reliability of the MSLT in patients with NT2 and IH.
conclusionsFrequent diagnosis changes in patients with NT2 and IH challenge the current diagnostic criteria, in addition, IH can remit.
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