Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40810431›Full record

ArticleClinical and experimental dental research2025

Synchrotron-Based Analysis of Conical Implant-Abutment Connections Under Mechanical Load: How Embedding Materials Influence the Microgap and Implant Shoulder Deformation.

Florian Kernen, Katja Nelson, Simon Zabler, Alexander Rack, Fumihiko Watanabe, Tobias Fretwurst, Sina Wenger

Abstract read
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Article in Clinical and experimental dental research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Florian KernenDepartment of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3067-0756
Katja NelsonDepartment of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.
Simon ZablerDeggendorf Institute of Technology DIT, Deggendorf, Germany.
Alexander RackEuropean Synchrotron Radiation Facility - ESRF, Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
Fumihiko WatanabeDepartment of Crown & Bridge Prosthodontics, School of Life at Niigata, The Nippon Dental University, Japan.
Tobias FretwurstDepartment of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.
Sina WengerDepartment of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0009-0009-3243-8553

Funding

The authors received no specific funding for this work.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesDental implants have become a reliable solution for oral rehabilitation, but their long-term success can be compromised by factors such as mechanical overload. To ensure the mechanical durability of implants, standardized testing in accordance with the DIN EN ISO 14801 is conducted, in which titanium implants (Young's modulus of approximately 100 GPa) are embedded in brass, a material with similarly high stiffness. However, the mechanical properties of brass differ significantly from those of alveolar bone, potentially affecting test outcomes. This study examines how different embedding materials affect the mechanical behavior of dental implants, specifically microgap changes and deformation at the IAC under load. MATERIALS AND

methodsTwo conical dental implants were embedded in either methyl methacrylate-based adhesive (PMMA) or brass. A 250 N load was applied at a 45° angle to the implants. Synchrotron-based microcomputed tomography (µCT) was used to assess microgap formation and 3D deformation at the implant shoulder before and under load application. Deformation was analyzed using Avizo Fire software to estimate volumetric changes at the implant shoulder.

resultsThe results showed that implants embedded in brass exhibited larger microgap changes (53 μm) and greater deformation at the implant shoulder (32 μm) compared to those embedded in PMMA (microgap: 40 μm).

conclusionThe findings suggest that brass, with higher stiffness than PMMA or bone, does not accurately replicate the mechanical conditions of bone, leading to a difference in microgap behavior and deformation at the implant shoulder, suggesting a difference in the wear mechanism and stress-strain distribution in the surrounding bone. These results question the use of brass in mechanical implant testing and highlight the need for more realistic embedding materials to improve the predictive value of implant testing.

Indexed as

CopperDental Implant-Abutment DesignDental ImplantsDental Stress AnalysisElastic ModulusHumansMaterials TestingPolymethyl MethacrylateStress, MechanicalSynchrotronsTitaniumX-Ray MicrotomographyZincbrassCopperDental ImplantsPolymethyl MethacrylateTitaniumZincdental implantembedding materialmechanical behaviormicro gap

Identifiers

PMID40810431
PMCPMC12351636

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.