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ArticleAmerican journal of biological anthropology2025

Archaeogenomic Analysis of Nineteenth-Century Burials at Saint Mary's Basilica: An Intersectional Analysis of Religion, Race, and Migration.

Raquel E Fleskes, Horvey M Palacios, Hannah Budner, Dana Kollmann, Cassandra Newby-Alexander, Reed Harder, Deborah A Bolnick, Marcus Pollard, Paige Pollard, Theodore G Schurr and 1 more

Abstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of biological anthropology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Raquel E FleskesDepartment of Anthropology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2875-6286
Horvey M PalaciosDepartment of Anthropology, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4968-272X
Hannah BudnerDepartment of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Dana KollmannDepartment of Sociology, Anthropology & Criminal Justice, Towson University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Cassandra Newby-AlexanderDepartment of History, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.
Reed HarderDepartment of Anthropology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
Deborah A BolnickDepartment of Anthropology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.
Marcus PollardCommonwealth Preservation Group, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.
Paige PollardCommonwealth Preservation Group, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.
Theodore G SchurrDepartment of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9323-9237
David A BrownThe Fairfield Foundation, White Marsh, Virginia, USA.

Funding

Fairfield FoundationNational Science Foundation SPRF-FR 2105384
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe Basilica of Saint Mary's of the Immaculate Conception in Norfolk, Virginia, is the only predominantly African American basilica in the United States. A community-based archaeogenomic investigation was carried out at this church to investigate the history of its previous congregants. MATERIALS AND

methodsFive burials were selected for excavation and archaeological analysis. The skeletal remains of these past congregants were assessed to determine age, sex, and preservation status. Ancient DNA was extracted at the University of Connecticut's ancient DNA laboratory.

resultsFive burials excavated at the basilica yielded four sets of human remains of variable preservation and sex. Interment location, style, and positioning of the burials suggested that they belong to the earlier Saint Patrick's church (AD 1790s to 1856), which once stood adjacent to the current basilica. Osteological analyses indicated the presence of four adults and one infant. Ancient DNA results for three of the adults indicated that they were genetically affiliated with contemporary populations in Europe, specifically the United Kingdom, France, and Spain. Interestingly, the autosomal and uniparental lineages of two adults showed connections to Spanish populations, with one having a unique L3f1b mitochondrial DNA haplotype tracing back to northern Spain.

conclusionsUsing an intersectional theoretical framework grounded in historical research, we assess these findings to understand the lived experiences of these past congregants in the context of religion, race, and migration in early nineteenth-century Norfolk. Overall, this study highlights the value of an interdisciplinary archaeogenetic approach in exploring the intersectional lives of historic populations.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanBurialDNA, AncientHuman MigrationReligionAdultArchaeologyFemaleHistory, 19th CenturyHumansInfantMaleVirginiaWhiteDNA, Ancientancestryancient DNAbioarchaeologyCatholicismNorth America

Identifiers

PMID40810211
PMCPMC12351519

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