ArticleNational science review2025
H5N1 virus invades the mammary glands of dairy cattle through 'mouth-to-teat' transmission.
Article in National science review, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond H5N1: influenza A virus infection in bovine udder organoids.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Syrian hamster is a valuable animal model for evaluating the transmissibility of emerging influenza viruses.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Experimental Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus Infection in Alpacas, 2026.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Bovine mammary tissues are susceptible to infection by viruses bearing panzootic H5N1 influenza A virus glycoproteins.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- Trimester-dependent vertical transmission of H5N1 influenza virus through placental and mammary routes impairs offspring development.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Assessment of Humoral Immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 H5 HA Influenza Vaccine for Dairy Cattle.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Influenza.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Bovine-derived H5N1 influenza virus efficiently infects lactating swine via the mammary gland.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cattle and human organoids reveal 2.3.4.4b H5N1 cross-species transmission potential and neuraminidase-specific neutralizing antibodies in humans.Nature communications · 2026Article
- An overview of HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b and its emerging threat in mainland Australia: Identified knowledge gaps.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- A nanobody-based proteolysis-targeting chimera offers broad-spectrum protection against diverse influenza virus infections.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Mammary and respiratory infection of sheep with H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4b viruses with milk-mediated transmission to lambs.Science advances · 2026Article
- Evaluation of an H5 influenza virus mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccine in lactating dairy cows.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Pathogenesis of H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b in dry Jersey cows following intramammary inoculation shows within-host compartmentalization.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Avian Influenza Virus PA Protein Recruits Host RPS27A to Support Viral Replication.Viruses · 2026Article
- Article
- Protective Efficacy of a Hemagglutinin-Based mRNA Vaccine Against H5N1 Influenza Virus Challenge in Lactating Dairy Cows.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Early detection and genetic characterization of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 and H5N9 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses at the onset of fall migration in wild birds during october 2025 in South Korea.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Broad-spectrum inhibition of influenza A virus replication by blocking the nuclear export of viral ribonucleoprotein complexes.Journal of virology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
28 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
H5N1 influenza outbreaks have been reported on more than 1070 dairy farms across 17 states in the USA. Damage to the mammary gland and high levels of virus in milk were common features of the infected cattle, but it is unclear how the virus initially invades the mammary glands, and no control strategy is currently available. Here, we found that cattle oral tissues support H5N1 virus binding and replication, and virus replicating in the mouth of cattle transmitted to the mammary glands of dairy cattle during sucking. We also found that an H5 inactivated vaccine or a hemagglutinin-based DNA vaccine induced sterilizing immunity in cows against challenges with different H5N1 viruses. Our study provides insights into H5N1 virus transmission and control in cattle.
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