ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2025
Age-Related Variations in Anterior, Posterior, and Total Corneal Astigmatism.
Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Age-Related Changes in Differential Corneal Thickness and Their Correlation with With-the-Rule and Against-the-Rule Corneal Astigmatism.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Toric intraocular lens (IOL) calculation has traditionally relied on anterior corneal astigmatism (KA), but recent trends emphasize incorporating posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA) and total corneal astigmatism (TCA). However, age-related changes and sex-based differences in PCA and TCA remain inconclusive due to limited sample sizes in previous studies. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study using biometric measurements obtained with the IOLMaster 700. Patients with warning and failed history of corneal transplant or keratoconus were excluded. The objective was to evaluate age-related changes and sex-based differences in KA, PCA, and TCA among patients undergoing cataract surgery at a tertiary care center in Thailand. Results: A total of 23,932 eyes were analyzed for KA, and 9,546 eyes for PCA and TCA. Data were visualized using double-angle plots. PCA demonstrated a distinctive three-point star distribution, predominantly oriented along the with-the-rule (WTR) axis, with against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism being rare in younger patients as illustrated in graphical abstract. Across KA, PCA, and TCA, the prevalence of ATR astigmatism increased in older age group, while WTR orientation decreased. A marked shift from WTR to ATR orientation was observed at different age thresholds: 60-65 years for KA, 75-80 years for PCA, and 55-65 years for TCA. KA and TCA also exhibited a preferential shift toward superonasal oblique orientation with advancing age-a pattern not observed in PCA. No significant sex-based differences were observed in mean astigmatism vector distributions across age groups. Conclusion: Clinicians should account for age-related shifts in KA, PCA, and TCA when selecting toric IOLs, particularly in patients younger than 55 years. Preoperative counseling should address potential long-term shifts toward ATR orientation, which may influence visual outcomes in patients receiving toric IOLs aligned along other axes. Incorporating these changes into toric IOL formulae may improve patient outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.