ArticleMycoses2025
Global Emergence of Antifungal-Resistant Dermatophytosis Caused by Trichophyton indotineae (Formerly T. mentagrophytes ITS Genotype VIII): A Genomic Investigation Involving 14 Countries.
Article in Mycoses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Dual PCR-Sanger Sequencing Assay for Simultaneous sqle-Based Identification and Resistance Detection in Trichophyton Species.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- First cases of suspected sexual transmission ofASM case reports · 2026Article
- Dermatophytosis: An Update on Global Epidemiology.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Trichophyton indotineae: Rise, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Review
- The natural history and evolution of dermatophytosis: Host immunity in acute and chronic infection.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Clinical description and management of two terbinafine-resistant cases of tinea caused bySkin health and disease · 2026Article
- Article
- The emergence of superficial dermatophytosis due toJournal of clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- The entireAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Molecular Characterization and Preliminary NGS Profiling of Terbinafine-ResistantPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Evolving Landscape of Dermatophytosis in the UAE: Trichophyton indotineae and Related Genotypes.Mycoses · 2026Article
- Global Emergence ofInfection and drug resistance · 2026Review
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22 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveTrichophyton indotineae is a globally emerging, frequently antifungal-resistant fungus causing severe dermatophytosis. To inform prevention efforts, we analysed the genomic epidemiology and resistance to terbinafine (first-line oral antifungal) from a collection of multinational T. indotineae isolates collected from patients with clinically suspected dermatophytosis during 2016-2023.
methodsWe performed whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic tree analysis based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). T. indotineae phylogenetic results were correlated with patient demographic characteristics and isolate terbinafine susceptibility profiles that were determined by antifungal susceptibility testing and squalene epoxidase gene sequencing. Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton interdigitale isolates from the USA, and Trichophyton rubrum isolates from three countries were added for contextual analysis.
resultsAmong 347 T. indotineae isolates, 227 (65%) were in vitro resistant to terbinafine. Countries represented were India (43%); Germany (21%); Bangladesh (8%); United States (8%); United Arab Emirates (7%); Iraq (5%); Finland (3%); Poland (2%); Austria, Canada, Cambodia, Estonia, Singapore, and Switzerland (each < 1%). Median SNP difference between isolates was 106 SNPs (range: 0-392). Clustering by age, sex, or country was not observed. One subcluster was composed of terbinafine-resistant isolates with a specific squalene epoxidase gene mutation (F397L) and was widely dispersed among 10 countries. Intra-species genomic diversity was greater among 19 T. rubrum isolates (260 SNPs [range: 73-1038]), or among 10 T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale isolates from the USA compared with the intra-species diversity of the T. indotineae isolates.
conclusionsOur findings corroborate T. indotineae's recent emergence and ongoing international transmission and suggest the rapid spread of a subset of terbinafine-resistant isolates. Continued efforts are necessary to mitigate this pathogen's spread.
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